A dominating set S of a graph G is called locating-dominating, LD-set for short, if every vertex v not in S is uniquely determined by the set of neighbors of v belonging to S. Locating-dominating sets of minimum cardinality are called LD-codes and the cardinality of an LD-code is the location-domination number λ(G). An LD-set S of a graph G is global if it is an LD-set of both G and its complem...

In this paper, we derive two shrinkage estimators for the global minimum variance portfolio that dominate the traditional estimator with respect to the out-of-sample variance of the portfolio return. The presented results hold for any number of observations n ≥ d + 2 and number of assets d ≥ 4 . The small-sample properties of the shrinkage estimators as well as their large-sample properties for...

A total Roman dominating function on a graph $G$ is a function $f: V(G) rightarrow {0,1,2}$ such that for every vertex $vin V(G)$ with $f(v)=0$ there exists a vertex $uin V(G)$ adjacent to $v$ with $f(u)=2$, and the subgraph induced by the set ${xin V(G): f(x)geq 1}$ has no isolated vertices. The total Roman domination number of $G$, denoted $gamma_{tR}(G)$, is the minimum weight $omega(f)=sum_...

Cardiac ablation therapy is an effective minimally invasive treatment for cardiac arrhythmia. Catheter steering in the constrained environment during the procedure is considered difficult, particularly in providing accurate catheter tip positioning for ablating or for diagnosing the cardiac tissue. These difficulties and inaccuracies in the catheter tip positioning are a common reason for sever...

A subset S of vertices in a graph G is a global total dominating set, or just GTDS, if S is a total dominating set of both G and G. The global total domination number γgt(G) of G is the minimum cardinality of a GTDS of G. In this paper, we show that the decision problem for γgt(G) is NP-complete, and then characterize graphs G of order n with γgt(G) = n− 1.

Let $kgeq 1$ be an integer, and $G=(V,E)$ be a finite and simplegraph. The closed neighborhood $N_G[e]$ of an edge $e$ in a graph$G$ is the set consisting of $e$ and all edges having a commonend-vertex with $e$. A signed Roman edge $k$-dominating function(SREkDF) on a graph $G$ is a function $f:E rightarrow{-1,1,2}$ satisfying the conditions that (i) for every edge $e$of $G$, $sum _{xin N[e]} f...

ôbjective: recently, quality of life is a concern of health in psychiatry. schizophrenia is a disorder that has the most regressive effects in societies’ and patients’ behavioural, occupational and psychiatric aspects. the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and global function of schizophrenia patients. methods: â hundred schizophrenia patients (with dsm-ïv-tr) who h...

A Roman dominating function on a graphG is a function f : V (G) → {0, 1, 2} satisfying the condition that every vertex u ∈ V (G) for which f(u) = 0 is adjacent to at least one vertex v ∈ V (G) for which f(v) = 2. The weight of a Roman dominating function is the value f(V (G)) = ∑ u∈V (G) f(u). The Roman domination number γR(G) of G is the minimum weight of a Roman dominating function on G. A Ro...