The forecast of fluctuations and prices is the major concern in financial markets. Thus, developing an accurate and robust forecasting decision model is critically favorable to the investors. As gold has shown a special capability to smooth inflation fluctuations, governors use gold as a price controlling lever. Thus, more information about future gold price trends will help to make the firm de...

Periodic global updates of dual variables have been shown to yield a substantial speed advantage in implementations of push-relabel algorithms for the maximum flow and minimum cost flow problems. In this paper, we show that in the context of the bipartite matching and assignment problems, global updates yield a theoretical improvement as well. For bipartite matching, a pushrelabel algorithm tha...

In view of the importance of the meat imports and the exports of meat in Iran, this study focuses on the status of the global market of meat imports the unit price test in these markets between the years 1961 and 2011 using the market cointegration approach. The results of this study are indicative of prices co-integration in the international market of meat as well as among such major importer...

Background: Bitcoin, the most innovate digital currency as of now, created since 2008, even through experienced its ups and downs, still keeps drawing attentions to all parts of society. It relies on peer-to-peer network, achieved decentralization, anonymous and transparent. As the most representative digital currency, people curious to study how Bitcoin’ price changes in the past. Methods: In ...

s tock returns of companies listed on the stock exchange is one of the most important criteria in assessing the macroeconomic. this study investigates the effect of exchange rate volatility on the stock exchange returns of d8 countries. it takes monthly data during the period (2008:1-2015:6) constituting 90 observations. at first we used panel-garch model to estimate exchange rate volatility in...

This study used the econometrics methods to identify interactions among oil price, gold exchange rate, and stock price which represented by (ISX60) index under Iraq pre-during global pandemic of COVID19. The analysis employed daily data categorized into three time periods: full sample COVID19 from 24 December 2018 3 September 2020, pre-COVID19 period 31 30 2019, as well during-COVID19 27 2019 2...

Many factors such as poverty, ineffective institutions and environmental regulations may prevent developing countries from managing how natural resources are extracted to meet a strong market demand. Extraction for some resources has reached such proportions that evidence is measurable from space. We present recent evidence of the global demand for a single commodity and the ecosystem destructi...

Gold is a highly valued and volatile commodity which is subject to many external forces, such as price and availability. Global gold stocks are increasing but the supply is dwindling. Gold mining companies are always looking for novel methods to optimise extraction and processing thereby reducing operating costs and maximising profit. The extraction and processing of gold involve...

This paper studies a social planner who chooses countries’ carbon prices so as to maximize global welfare. Product markets are characterized by firm heterogeneity, market power, and international trade. Because of the market-power distortion, planner’s optimal policy is second-best. The main insight that may be highly asymmetric: zero in some countries above cost with relatively dirty productio...