Gestational diabetes mellitus has been associated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes, including preeclampsia and fetal macrosomia. Although cigarette smoking has been associated with increased insulin resistance, its effect on gestational diabetes mellitus risk is uncertain. The authors evaluated the effects of smoking on glucose tolerance in a cohort of pregnant women who participated i...

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A recent meta-analysis study suggested that more research is needed to investigate the type, duration and intensity of physical activity that can help to reduce the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVES The pr...

We investigate the role of the GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 IIe105Val genetic polymorphisms in the susceptibility to gestational diabetes mellitus. A total of 223 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and 265 healthy pregnant women were examined at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine from May 2013 to November 2013. Genotyping for detection of GSTM1, G...

Our aim was to evaluate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and sonographically measured fetal epicardial fat thickness between 24-28 weeks' gestation. This was a cross-sectional study that included 40 pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus, matched with 40 normal pregnancies with similar maternal age, body-mass index, gestational age, fetal gender, and fetal abdominal...

BACKGROUND Cold-induced thermogenesis is known to improve insulin sensitivity, which may become increasingly relevant in the face of global warming. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between outdoor air temperature and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. METHODS We identified all births in the Greater Toronto Area from 2002 to 2014 using administrative health databases....

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) most commonly used to diagnose GDM in the United States is the 3-hour, 100-g OGTT. According to diagnostic criteria recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA), GDM is diagnosed if two or more plasma glucose levels meet or exceed the following thresholds: fasting glucose concentration of 95 mg/dl, 1-hour glucose concentration...

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus, defined as diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes, is becoming more common as the epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes continues. Newly proposed diagnostic criteria will, if adopted universally, further increase the prevalence of this condition. Much controversy surrounds the diagnosis and management of gestational dia...

Pregnancy induces progressive changes in maternal carbohydrate metabolism. As pregnancy advances insulin resistance and diabetogenic stress due to placental hormones necessitate compensatory increase in insulin secretion. When this compensation is inadequate gestational diabetes develops. Pregnancy that occurs in a woman who already has diabetes is termed ‘Pre-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus’. Bo...