The complex and proprietary nature of geospatial data makes them almost non-sharable among large user community. GIS interoperability is necessary for realizing a successful spatial data infrastructure. With the advancements of web service technology, GIS interoperability has made a paradigm shift – from monolithic GIS providers to distributed geospatial services. The applicability of web servi...

Armenia as a developing country has a very severe need to integrate and collaborate with the international Geospatial community in order to build a reliable and efficient geospatial infrastructure. Moreover, the availability of such an infrastructure could foster the availability of geospatial data, could facilitate the development of a data sharing policy at national level, and could help to e...

Geospatial information catalogs are complex infrastructures that store and publish geographic information. They are an important part of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), systems that manage geospatial data for a wide variety of application domains. To be useful, a catalog must ef ciently support discovery and retrieval of geospatial information, working as a key component for planning and ...

The National Geospatial Digital Archive (NGDA) is one of eight initial projects funded by the Library of Congress’s National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP). The project’s overarching goal is to answer the question: How can we preserve geospatial data on a national scale and make it available to future generations? This paper summarizes the project’s work in...

Spatial Data Infrastructure acts as a fundamental platform to make geospatial data exchangeable to supply geospatial information service widely. China has paid great attention to construct the Digital China Geospatial Framework (DCGF). This NSDI has four layers at National, Provincial, Municipal and County level. DCGF has five components: data sets, technology, legal support and standards, coor...

Libraries can bring substantial expertise to bear on the collection, curation, and distribution of digital geospatial information, making them trusted and competent partners for organizations that wish to distribute geospatial data. By developing a well-thought-out data management and distribution policy, libraries can defi ne the parameters of a data distribution partnership and reinforce a da...

Modern geographical information systems make it possible to integrate information from multiple sources in different forms for querying and analysing information. So the importance of geospatial databases is growing from day to day, and their applications extend beyond the traditional applications of geospatial databases and GIS. One of the most recent challenges is integrating geospatial data ...

Geospatial data interoperability has been the target of major efforts by standardization bodies (e.g. OGC, ISO/TC 211) and the research community since the beginning of the 1990s. It is seen as a solution for sharing and integrating geospatial data, more specifically to solve the syntactic, schematic, and semantic as well as the spatial and temporal heterogeneities between various representatio...

Geospatial metadata have long played an important role in the management of geospatial datasets. Often employed by institutions to organise, maintain and document their geographic resources internally, metadata may also provide a vehicle for exposing marketable data assets externally when contributed to on-line geospatial exchange initiatives. In spite of the numerous benefits it affords, obsta...

The use of geospatial data is ubiquitous in many real-world applications. For example, geospatial data is useful for planning bus routes for a city, for finding suitable helicopter landing areas for a military operation, and for analyzing the nuclear weapon production capability of a hostile country. In a typical geospatial application, the semantics of data (e.g., vector data, sensor data, and...