In a number of simple line drawings, such as the Müller-Lyer or Judd figures, we can experience strong distortions of perceived space-geometric illusions. One way of explaining these effects is based on the perspective information that can be read from the line drawings. For instance, the 'inappropriate constancy scaling' theory advocates that the inferred three-dimensional structure of the pic...

Introduction        Gāthic texts are a collection of religious songs of Zarothustra who lived about 1200 BC. Of the seventy two hāts (stanzas) of Yasna (one of the five chapters of Avesta), seventeen hāts belong to five Gāthas. These seventeen hāts have been classified into five categories based on their syllabic meter and the number of the song: 1) ahunavaiti, 2) ushtavaiti, 3)spanta.mainyu, ...

The discriminative tasks of face and geometrical figure were trained in three rhesus monkeys. The hole feature speeds up learning of face discrimination, but hampers learning of figure discrimination. By reducing presentation duration of the stimuli, the detecting precedence appears to be the hole feature of the face component, while it appears to be shape feature of figures. The patterns of ne...

Fall detection is an emergent problem in pattern recognition. In this paper, a novel approach which enables to identify a type of a fall and reconstruct its characteristics is presented. The features detected include the position previous to a fall, the direction and velocity of a fall, and the postfall inactivity. Video sequences containing a possible fall are analysed image by image using the...

This paper presents the magnetoelectric (ME) effect in trilayered Ni/PZT/Ni composites which is related to their size and shape. The ME composites with the same interfacial areas but different geometrical shapes have different ME voltage coefficients. Longitudinal resonant modes in the rectangular and triangular trilayered ME composites were studied. One should choose optimized size, shape and ...

Photo-realistic computer graphics software provides a valuable visualisation tool in the development of astronomical instrumentation. The perceived realism can convey a valuable sense of feasibility or unfeasibility of a concept. We here look at POV-Ray, an open-source ray-tracing graphics package that has been in use for several years at the AngloAustralian Observatory. AAO applications includ...

A rationale and description of a language for exploratory and educational programming in a compositional style is presented. By ‘compositional’ a functional programming style is meant where the computation is a hierarchy of function compositions and applications. One of the datatypes of the language is that of the geometrical figures that can be obtained by simple rules of spatial correlation, ...

The term geometrical–optical illusions was coined by Johann Joseph Oppel (1815–1894) in 1855 in order to distinguish spatial distortions of size and orientation from the broader illusions of the senses. We present a translation of Oppel’s article and a commentary on the material described in it. Oppel did much more than give a name to a class of visual spatial distortions. He examined a variety...

[1] A plane electromagnetic wave is incident at an oblique (skew) angle on a wedge of open angle 3p/2 with scalar face impedances, the same on both faces. When the theory previously developed for wedges of arbitrary angle with tensor face impedances is specialized to this case, the analysis simplifies, and the resulting expressions for the geometrical optics, surface wave and diffracted fields ...