The strongest convention in contemporary geographic thought is the notion that geographic space is rooted in a Euclidean geometry that defines the physical world. Although geographers have long sought to escape this paradigm through a rich array of perceptions based on ways in which we might imagine space, physical distance or its economic surrogates still provide the basic logic used by geogra...

The population genetic structures of Culex pipiens Linnaeus were evaluated in China over a 2000 km transect that encompasses the two subspecies, C. p. pallens and C. p. quinquefasciatus. Four polymorphic allozyme loci were investigated in 1376 mosquitoes sampled from 20 populations across four provinces. These loci were not statistically dependent with no apparent heterozygote deficit or excess...

Geographic location information of nodes in ad hoc networks is useful for improved routing, lookup services, and location aware applications. This paper proposes a scheme that enables nodes of an adhoc network to discover their geographical location with good accuracy when only a few nodes know a-priori their exact location (e.g., through GPS) and the only additional information available to ot...

In this paper, a generic model for locating sellers in a geographical area is presented. The proposed model is based on buyers’ side attributes including price, quality, distance, income and discount, which determine the location of the prospective sellers. The required information for the model is acquired from buyers and the geographic information system (GIS). It is assumed that the agents (...

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) has emerged to establish communication between intelligent vehicles. The high mobility of vehicles and existing of obstacles in urban area make the communication link between vehicles to be unreliable. In this environment, most geographical routing protocols does not consider stable and reliable link during packet forwarding towards destination. Thus, the netwo...

The rock-restricted cichlid fish assemblages of Lake Malawi exhibit high spatial diversity in their species composition and relative abundance. However the extent to which this is due to the effects of local environmental differences, dispersal limitation of constituent taxa, and the assignment of allopatric populations to species is uncertain. We examined the factors associated with diversity ...

Received: 5 March 2009 Revised: 7 March 2010 Accepted: 10 March 2010 Online publication date: 1 July 2010 Abstract Cross-national distance is a key concept in the field of management. Previous research has conceptualized and measured cross-national differences mostly in terms of dyadic cultural distance, and has used the Euclidean approach to measuring it. In contrast, our goal is to disaggrega...

BACKGROUND The geographic proximity of parents and adult children is a key element of intergenerational solidarity. Many studies have identified geographical distance as an important determinant of intergenerational support: living nearby increases the amount of mutual support provided. It can, however, also be regarded as a dimension of intergenerational solidarity: the current degree of proxi...

Performance Evaluation of Multiple-Rate Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Gang Ding, Xiaoxin Wu, and Bharat Bhargava + School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47907 * Department of Computer Sciences, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47907 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Existing wireless networks usually provide multipl...

regarding the nature of non-linear discrete placement, and in order to determine the optimal capacity of the substation, the goal in the present study will be a number of local optimum points. in this research, the problem of optimal placement posts to reduce power losses by considering distributed generation (dg). in formulating the objective function, geographical distribution density in the ...