Genetic and phylogenetic characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates at two loci (18S rRNA gene and heat shock gene) from both Australian and United States dogs demonstrated that dog-derived Cryptosporidium isolates had a distinct genotype which is conserved across geographic areas. Phylogenetic analysis provided support for the idea that the "dog" genotype is, in fact, a valid species.

Bat-to-horse transmission of Hendra virus has occurred at least 14 times. Although clinical signs in horses have differed, genome sequencing has demonstrated little variation among the isolates. Our sequencing of 5 isolates from recent Hendra virus outbreaks in horses found no correlation between sequences and time or geographic location of outbreaks.

We compared Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 isolates causing disease among children in six geographic regions of the United States to determine genetic relatedness. Genomic fingerprints were determined by repetitive element polymorphism PCR (Rep-PCR). Multilocus sequence type characterization was performed on selected isolates. Four different genomic banding patterns were identified by Rep-...

The antimicrobial susceptibilities of 75 Aeromonas isolates were determined by agar dilution. Differences in resistance patterns were observed between strains isolated from different geographic locations and between A. sobria and A. hydrophila isolates. Multiple resistance was common; however, only one conjugative plasmid was detected. This 110-megadalton plasmid mediated resistance to eight an...

Among 1,102 recent Escherichia coli clinical isolates, clonal group A was identified in 17 of 20 (U.S. and non-U.S.) geographic locales, mainly among U.S. isolates (9% vs. 3%; p < 0.001) and those resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (10% vs. 1.7%; p < 0.001). The extensive antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of clonal group A may underlie its recent widespread emergence.

Sixty clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans were analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using 12- to 22-mer primers in pairs. Five major profiles, which clearly distinguished between serotypes A (profiles I-III), AD (profile IV), and D (profile V), were identified. Forty-two of 58 serotype A isolates were assigned to profile I, 13 to profile II, and 3 ...

The IS1311 polymerase chain reaction-restriction endonuclease analysis was used to detect genetic differences among 38 Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) isolates from cattle, sheep, goats and bison from distinct regions of Spain, India and the United States of America (USA). In Spain, all eight bovine isolates, three out of six caprine isolates and one of ten ovine isolates were...

diseased samples with root rot symptoms were collected from different sugar beet growing areas. from rotted roots, 20 fungal isolates were identified as fusarium solani based on morphological characteristics .pathogenecity of the isolates was studied in in vitro condition on sugar beet roots. the results showed pathogenic variability among the isolates. cluster analysis divided the isolates int...

Restriction endonuclease fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is useful for the epidemiological study of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). We report here the identification of a major BglII RFLP variant of HSV-1, designated BgKL, found in 27.0% of 636 HSV-1 clinical isolates. We have also established its geographic distribution in Japan. BgKL has an unusually large BglII K fragment. SalI clea...

Complete genome sequences of two Australian isolates of H. armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaSNPV) and nine strains isolated by plaque selection in tissue culture identified multiple polymorphisms in tissue culture-derived strains compared to the consensus sequence of the parent isolate. Nine open reading frames (ORFs) in all tissue culture-derived strains contained changes in nucleotide ...