X-rays wrist showed fraying but no cupping. Investigations showed Ionized calcium level 1.627mol/l (normal-1.12-1.23mmol/l), 24 hour urine calcium 420 mg/ day, serum phosphorus 2.9gm/dL, serum alkaline phosphatase 2820 IU, and vitamin D3 level 18.88 ng/mL (normal 11.1-42.9 ng/mL). Abdomen ultrasound showed cystitis. Tubular reabsorption of phosphate was 92 (Max 100min-82). ABG pH was normal. Ul...

Hydrofluorosis is a major public health problem in India, which is aggravated by presence or absence of some minerals in water or food. Fluoride by itself or in combination with other elements like molybdenum (Mo) in diet or water changes excretion/retention of bone minerals. Sorghum and pearl millet grown and consumed in fluorosis endemic areas contained significantly higher amounts of Mo than...

BACKGROUND Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is uncommon among children with an incidence of 1:300,000. This diagnosis is often missed in children in contrast to adults where it is detected at a pre symptomatic stage due to routine blood investigations. Etiology of PHPT can be due to adenoma, hyperplasia or rarely carcinoma. CASE PRESENTATION A 12 year old Sri Lankan girl presented with prog...

Wilson's disease is most common disorder of cooper metabolism. It has varied clinical presentations. We report a 12 years old female child presenting with genu valgum progressed over 6 months. Careful examination, high index of suspicion and investigations confirmed Wilson's disease.

Isolated lateral compartment arthritis or focal chondral defects in the setting of genu valgum young, active individuals can be treated with a varus-producing distal femoral osteotomy without cartilage treatment. Both medial closing-wedge and opening-wedge techniques have been described, neither demonstrating clear superiority. The objective this Technical Note is to describe technique biplanar...

Background Genu valgum usually originates from a deformity of distal femur that is often corrected by distal femoral varus osteotomy. The osteotomy includes both components of angulationcorrection and translation because the site of osteotomy is not commonly at the apex of deformity. Improvement of patellar tracking not only depends on valgus correction, but also it may be partially due to cent...

Pyle type metaphyseal dysplasia is a rare autosomal recessive disease that primarily affects metaphyses. We report a 12 year old boy with Pyles disease. He had mild facial dysmorphism, genu valgum and wasting of legs. Skeletal radiology revealed the characteristic Erlenmeyer flask sign at distal femoral and proximal tibial metaphyses along with platyspondyly.

Background: Genu valgum usually originates from a deformity of distal femur that is often corrected by distal femoralvarus osteotomy. The osteotomy includes both components of angulationcorrection and translation because the siteof osteotomy is not commonly at the apex of deformity. Improvement of patellar tracking not only depends on valguscorrection, but also it may be partially due to centra...

BACKGROUND There is a greater prevalence of lower extremity malalignment in obese children during static posture; however, there has been less examination of dynamic joint function in this cohort. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine kinematic differences that exist between obese and non-obese children that would support previously reported static joint malalignment. METHODS ...