Background: Lack of knowledge and incorrect practices regarding genital hygiene increase the risk of infection. Women can be protected from these infections by teaching correct genital hygiene behaviors through health education based on recognized models. The aim of this study is to design an educational program to improve women’s genital health behaviors based on PRECEDE-PROCEED model. Method...

abstract we had two cases of female complicated anorectal and genital malformations which underwent total mobilization of all structures of perinea to midline. case1: a 6 month old female with skin covered bladder, pubic diastasis, ectopic anus, vagina, and urethra to the right side of median cleft and lipoma on the left side. closure of pubic diastasis with iliac osteotomy and double barrel si...

background: tuberculosis (tb) is an increasing public health concern worldwide. on a global scale it has a devastating impact in developing nations. genital tb, an extrapulmonary form, is not uncommon particularly in areas where pulmonary tb is prevalent. genital tb may be asymptomatic or may even masquerade as other gynaecological conditions; hence, diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicio...

This case-controlled study was designed to evaluate the association between various baseline parental factors and the risk of hypospadias in China. Patients were selected from tertiary referral hospitals in Anhui, a province in mid-eastern China. A questionnaire was given to the parents of each patient. The final database included 193 cases and 835 controls. The incidence of additional coexiste...

Congenital posterior urethral diverticulum (PUD) is a rare congenital anomaly. Proper diagnosis and treatment in such cases still is challenging. More common are acquired diverticula of the posterior urethra, which mostly follow surgical repair of imperforate anus. We report a case of a large, congenital PUD which was diagnosed in a 3-month old boy with very rare genetic disorder Robinow syndro...

Due to close anatomical proximity of female urinary and genital tract, the ureter, urinary bladder and urethra are vulnerable for injury during gynaecological surgery. In a comparative observational study we evaluated 89cases having benign and clinically high risk gynaecological conditions requiring surgery, for the incidence of urinary tract involvement and to determine whether pre-operative a...

Chlamydiales are obligate intracellular bacteria including some important pathogens causing trachoma, genital tract infections and pneumonia, among others. They share an atypical division mechanism, which is independent of an FtsZ homologue. However, they divide by binary fission, in a process inhibited by penicillin derivatives, causing the formation of an aberrant form of the bacteria, which ...

Background: The aim of this study was to find out different causes of female infertility with diagnostic approach using laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Methods: This retrospective study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of MGMCRI, Puducherry. 135 infertile women aged 19-40 years were enrolled retrospectively for combined laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. These infertile women we...

Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA Syndrome) is a rare congenital anomaly of the female genital tract. Uterus didelphys occurs when the midline fusion of the mullerian ducts is arrested, either completely or incompletely. Women with didelphic uterus may be asymptomatic and unaware of having a double uterus. They may present with complaints of dysm...

We are presenting two cases of Sirenomelia (Mermaid Syndrome), which is an extreme example of the caudal regression syndrome. It invariably presents with lower limb fusion, sacral and pelvic bony anomalies, absent external genitalia, imperforate anus, and renal agenesis or dysgenesis. There are approximately 300 cases reported in the literature, 15% of which are associated with twinning, most o...