BACKGROUND We sought to study the impact of the change in gender balance and the shift in generational beliefs on the practice of surgery. METHODS We used in-depth, individual, semistructured interviews to explore the ideas, perceptions and experiences of recently recruited academic surgeons regarding the role of gender and the influence of the changing attitudes of this generation on the wor...

The paper employs an extended Yaari-Blanchard model of overlapping generations to study how the macroeconomy is affected over time by various demographic changes. It is shown that a proportional decline in fertility and death rates has qualitatively similar effects to capital income subsidies; both per capita savings and per capita consumption increase in the new steady state. A drop in the bir...

Chemical contamination and disease outbreaks have increased in many ecosystems. However, connecting pollution to disease spread remains difficult, in part, because contaminants can simultaneously exert direct and multi-generational effects on several host and parasite traits. To address these challenges, we parametrized a model using a zooplankton-fungus-copper system. In individual-level assay...

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Introduction After nearly a century-long trend toward single-family living arrangements, people in wealthy nations are increasingly living in multi-generational households. Multi-generational living arrangements can, in theory, increase psychological, social, and financial capital-factors associated with improvements in health and longevity. Methods We conducted a survival analysis using the ...

We analyze the performance of several copying garbage collection algorithms in a large address space offered by modern architectures. In particular, we describe the design and implementation of the RealOF garbage collector, an algorithm explicitly designed to exploit the features of 64-bit environments. This collector maintains a correspondence between object age and object placement in the add...