BACKGROUND Technological advances in wire selection and bracket design have led to improved treatment efficiency and allowed longer time intervals between appliance adjustments. The wires remain in the mouth for a longer duration and are subjected to electrochemical reactions, mechanical forces of mastication and generalized wear. These cause different types of corrosion. This study was done to...

The incorporation of several industrial wastes in ceramic matrixes had been attempted as an effective low expense technique for the fixation of metallic species in usable products or simply to reduce the residue volume for further disposal. However, the dominant mechanism of the inertization process and the relevant influent parameters are still unknown, mostly due to the complexity of the syst...

This work reports a study of the extraction and recovery of chromium from the wastes (class I dangerous) generated by a galvanic manufacturer. Commercial HCl at room temperature was employed, and the conditions of the extraction process were optimized according to a sequential experimental design, which also included the acid concentration and contact time as variables. The best extraction cond...

An anti-galvanic replacement reaction (AGRR) of copper(II) ions reduced by ultra-small ssDNA-templated silver nanoclusters forming Ag-Cu alloy nanoparticles was observed. The reaction is against the classic galvanic theory and was monitored sensitively by the light-scattering technique.

This study focused on the leaching process for the recycling of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn from the LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) cathodes of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Eh–pH diagrams were used to analyze suitable leaching conditions. Operating variables, such as the concentration of H2SO4 (0.5–2.5 M), concentration of H2O2 (0–1 vol%), temperature (10–50 °C), stirring speed (400–800 rpm), and solid/liqu...

One concern for recycle and reuse of scrap tires is the leaching of tire constituents (organic and inorganic) with time, and their subsequent potential harmful impacts in environment. The main objective of this study was to examine the leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved nitrogen (DN), and selected inorganic constituents from scrap tires. Different sizes of tire chips and crum...

Biocompatible materials used for the fabrication of dental crowns were studied. Patients were treated with Gold, Porcelain and Zirconia crowns. Dental crowns were selected according to patient’s clinical status and needs. We found that Gold crowns had low patient acceptance because of poor aesthetics and high cost. Gold crowns could not be used opposite to amalgam restorations for the fear of g...

The leaching reaction kinetics of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth with mixed ammonium salts was studied. The in uence of concentration of reagents and particle size of ore on leaching rate was investigated. The results showed that the di usion process and leaching rate could be improved by increasing reagents concentration and decreasing leaching owing rate and particle size. The l...

tro-galvanic battery provides a perfect and instantaneous cure in ordinary cases ; that a record shewing a very large number of cases so treated is available, and that during the hot and wet months some of the medical subordinates request the privilege of taking home the galvanic batteries so as to be able to resort to this method of treatment without loss of time. I have the honor to be, Sir, ...

In this work, to prepare nanostructured and porous Fe/Pd–Fe bimetallic catalysts, the iron coating is applied firstly onto copper substrate by electrochemical deposition method. Subsequently, iron-zinc alloy deposited on underlayer iron. Eventually, immersing in an alkaline solution containing palladium ions, will replace zinc, resulting catalysts. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was used...