During development of the central nervous system, neurons pass through windows of vulnerability to environmental factors. Two windows are gestational day (G) 7 (during gastrulation) and G12 (early neuronal generation). The present study examined the effects of ethanol exposure at these times on social behavior and on the number of neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce), which is im...

Combinatorial optimisation problems are easy to state but hard to solve, and they arise in a huge variety of applications. Branch-and-price is one of many powerful methods for solving them. This paper describes how Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition, column generation and branch-and-price are integrated into the hybrid optimisation platform G12 [13]. The G12 project is developing a software environmen...

Rotavirus group A G12 genotypes were detected in 3 (1.5%) of 198 stool samples positive for human rotavirus. G12P[6] was present in 2 samples, and a mixed G3G12P[8] was found in 1 sample. Phylogenetic analysis of complete open reading frames of all 11 genomic RNA segments proved their Wa-like genogroup affiliation.

We describe the emergence of serotype G12 rotaviruses (67 [6.9%] of 971 specimens tested) among children hospitalized with rotavirus gastroenteritis in Hungary during 2005. These findings are consistent with recent reports of the possible global spread and increasing epidemiologic importance of these strains, which may have implications for current rotavirus vaccination strategies.

In anticipation of a rotavirus vaccine in Nepal, this study was undertaken to determine the distribution of the G and P serotypes and electropherotypes of rotaviruses in order to examine if there is any emerging serotype or unusual strain circulating in children and adults in Nepal. Of 1,315 diarrheal stool specimens, rotavirus was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 116 (17%) o...

During development of the central nervous system, neurons pass through windows of vulnerability to environmental factors. Two windows are gestational day (G) 7 (during gastrulation) and G12 (early neuronal generation). The present study examined the effects of ethanol exposure at these times on social behavior and on the number of neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce), which is im...

Identifying enzymes that, once introduced in cancer cells, lead to an increased efficiency of treatment constitutes an important goal for biomedical applications. Using an original procedure whereby mutant genes are generated based on the use of conditional lentivector genome mobilisation, we recently described, for the first time, the identification of a human deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) mutant...

Charged amino acid residues in the amino terminus of gap junction forming proteins (connexins) form part, if not all, of the transjunctional voltage sensor of gap junction channels and play a fundamental role in ion permeation. Results from studies of the voltage dependence of N-terminal mutants predict that residues 1-10 of Group I connexins lie within the channel pore and that the N-terminus ...

During development of the central nervous system, neurons pass through windows of vulnerability to environmental factors. Two windows are gestational day (G) 7 (during gastrulation) and G12 (early neuronal generation). The present study examined the effects of ethanol exposure at these times on social behavior and on the number of neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce), which is im...

We have used nucleobase substitution and kinetic analysis to test the hypothesis that hammerhead catalysis occurs by a general acid-base mechanism, in which nucleobases are directly involved in deprotonation of the attacking 2'-hydroxyl group and protonation of the 5'-oxygen that serves as the leaving group in the cleavage reaction. We demonstrate that simultaneous substitution of two important...