Understanding and measuring determinants of bid-ask spreads is decisive to clarifying the efficiency of the microstructure of any exchange and general market liquidity. This paper examines the market microstructure of a low liquidity, market maker driven option market, the relations to the underlying securities’ market and the challenges of pricing liquidity. Comparing empirical results with pr...

In this paper, Black Scholes’s pricing model was developed to study American option on future contracts of Brent oil. The practical tests of the model show that market priced option contracts as future contracts less than what model did, which mostly represent option contracts with price rather than without price. Moreover, it suggests call option rather than put option. Using t hypothesis test...

This paper examines the Brady bond market of two largest Latin American economies, Mexico and Brazil. Results indicate that stripped yield of each market in the very near future is determined primarily by the past yields in the respective markets. However, over a longer-term horizon the interrelationships between the bond markets and the stock markets of the two countries become important. Futu...

This paper focuses on a nonlinear stochastic model for financial simulation and forecasting based on assumptions of multivariate stochastic correlation, with an application to the European market. We present in particular the key elements of a structured hierarchical econometric model that can be used to forecast financial and commodity markets relying on statistical and simulation methods. The...

deregulation policy has caused some changes in the concepts of power systems reliability assessment and enhancement. in this paper, generation reliability is considered, and a method for its assessment using intelligent systems is proposed. also, because of power market and generators’ forced outages stochastic behavior, monte carlo simulation is used for reliability evaluation. generation r...

As the title suggests, this paper compares two “formula” or mechanical investment techniques, dollar cost averaging and a relatively new proposal, value averaging, to a form of random investing to determine if any technique yields superior investment performance. Results indicate that value averaging does provide superior expected investment returns when investment prices are quite volatile and...

The mobile online medium (i.e. mobile data communication) allows the creation of context-sensitive profiles for mobile consumers by using identityand context information and thereby enabling the efficient targeting of current consumers' needs. However, current implementations of Mobile Marketing activities do not make use of these beneficial unique features and apply, for instance, content-base...

We separate the “rentier” portion of the budget constraint of the representative agent from the “income-plus-distributed profits” segment. The former’s wealth consists exclusively of returns on government bonds, the latter’s wealth is wage income from working for firms plus the distributed profits of the latter. The non-neoclassical element is the non-imposition of the market-clearing assumptio...

The especial importance of capital market in countries is undeniable in economic development via effective capital conduct and optimum resources allocation. Investment in capital market requires decision making in new stock exchanges, and   accessing information in the case of future status of capital market. Undoubtedly, nowadays most part of capital is exchanged via stock exchange all around ...