simulation of metallurgical processes has been the subject of intense research due to the reduced number of experiments required for controlling the process as well as time and energy savings it allows. in gas carburizing of steel parts, the amount of carbon at the surface of carburized parts is the most important specification of the process in terms of achieving the desired metallurgical prop...

Most of the iron in the world is produced using a blast furnace process, which has iron ore (iron oxides) and coke as its raw materials. When pellets are used in a blast furnace, the iron burden material is charged in the form of pellets and fine, iron-rich by-products are charged typically in the form of cold-bonded briquettes at the top of the blast furnace. Coke is the primary fuel and reduc...

The present paper reports a statistical analysis of the performance of the blast furnace number X at the Bhilai Steel Plant over a period of sixteen years with the special reference to the quality and consumption of sinter . The variation in basicity and consumption of sinter, for the blast furnace data considered , is wide. The range of data covers high level to almost nil amount of raw limest...

Boron-doped nanographite ensembles (NGEs) are interesting thermoelectric nanomaterials for high temperature applications. Rapid induction annealing and quenching has been applied to boron-doped NGEs using a relatively low-cost, highly reliable, laboratory built furnace to show that substantial improvements in thermoelectric power factors can be achieved using this methodology. Details of the de...

Steel slabs are reheated in pusher-type furnaces up to a temperature of 1200°C in the steel sheet manufacturing process. In this article we describe a control system that uses an on-line numerical model to calculate the furnace setpoints in order to improve the heating quality. Examples of actual furnace operation with and without the system are presented to show the improvements that are obtai...

A mathematical model of a continuous reheating furnace has been developed to identify the design and operating parameters that significantly affect furnace performance. In this study, the furnace is modeled 3 dimensionally and theMonte Carlomethod is used to find the overall absorption factor. The overall absorption factor is then used to calculate the energy balance for furnace walls, the gas,...

A commercially available computational fluid dynamics code has been used to simulate temperature and flow profiles in the upper, convective heat transfer region of a recovery boiler for different bullnose designs. The convective heat transfer region of the furnace was simulated by examining a zone that begins below the bullnose and ends at the economizer. Superheater tubes and a boiler bank wer...

      Simulation of metallurgical processes has been the subject of intense research due to the reduced number of experiments required for controlling the process as well as time and energy savings it allows. In gas carburizing of steel parts, the amount of carbon at the surface of carburized parts is the most important specification of the process in terms of achieving the desired metallurgica...

In order to discuss the matrix modifier effect of palladium, iron, and a mixture of palladium and iron for the determination of cadmium in graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS), we measured the absorption profiles of a cadmium line at various compositions of these elements. Variations in the gas temperature were also estimated with the progress of atomization, by using a two-...