We compared a stabilized-temperature L'vov platform furnace containing an end-heated graphite atomizer (HGA) and transverse Zeeman background-correction system with a side-heated furnace system (transversely heated graphite atomizer; THGA) containing a longitudinal Zeeman background-correction system for the determination of aluminum in plasma and urine. The regression statistics for the correl...

The dynamic behavior of an industrial tunneltype furnace is of the fundamental importance for the quality of the processed products. The knowledge of the furnace dynamics can make the control of the system easier as well as it can eliminate certain operational problems. The various subsystems existent in a tunnel-type furnace are usually controlled by conventional techniques and independent con...

*Tenova LOI Italimpianti, Italy, **Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA, Italy ENVIRONMENTAL concerns and rising prices of fossil fuels have focused the steel industry’s attention on minimising emissions and improving heating efficiency in reheat furnaces. Additionally with the rise in competitiveness within the world steel market product quality can be a key strategic factor to gain a market, a facto...

The Eaton (Hopewell) Furnace located near Struthers, Ohio was built in 1802-1803. The first blast furnace west of the Alleghenies and the first industry of any kind in the Western Reserve, it went out of blast circa 1808 due to a combination of factors and fell into ruin. Historical sources on the Eaton are scarce and informational sources are vague, but archaeological excavations carried out i...

In our installation at AB Sandvik Materials Technology, we have shown that by using a nondestructive UWB Radar technique it is possible to visualize in real-time the ongoing process inside the furnace behind a 0.5 m thick ceramic wall. Since the operating temperature inside the furnace is 1200 C, there is today no other known method capable of visualizing the process for the operator of the fu...

As a valuable byproduct of iron-making process, blast furnace slag contains tremendous amount of sensible heat. Granulation of blast furnace slag is the first step for its heat recovery. Due to environmental and energy issues, dry centrifugal granulation has received a considerable amount of attention. However, the flight dynamics of blast furnace slag, which is of great importance for size des...

Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn behaviour during sewage sludge incineration was investigated in seven pilot tests using a circulating fluidised bed furnace. Dewatered sludge at a solids concentration of 15-18% was fed to the furnace either alone (two tests) or spiked with chlorinated organic compounds (five tests). The behaviour of metals in the fluidised bed furnace was studied by comparing metal c...

Research is made into the fuzzy control of electrode regulator systems of submerged electrical arc ferrosilicon furnace EAF. The equations of the electrode currents and furnace resistances are derived based on certain model for the submerged arc ferrosilicon furnace. This model takes into consideration the walls of furnace and the heat losses into external medium in addition to the heat transfe...

An algorithm has been developed for the non-destructive determination of local thickness of the refractory material walls in smelter furnaces. This method uses measurements of temperature and heat flux at a number of points on the outer (fixed) surface of the furnace and assumes that the inner (guessed) surface of the furnace wall is isothermal. The temperature field is then predicted in the fu...

Absrract This paper presents a practical application of the conventional multi-loop control method for the temperature control of a television glass furnace. To control the temperature of the TV glass furnace, major input-output variables are selected, and simple FirstOrder-Plus-Dead-Time(F0PDT)models are established with the process experimental data. Based on the FOPDT models, a multi-loop. c...