In order to use gaseous fuels in Diesel Engines, Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine (D. F. D. E) the pilot injection approach is chosen. To predict its performance, an engine cycle model, based on limited-pressure Diesel cycle, is constructed. The model predicts D. F. D. E performance with LPG, and CNG gases. Comparing with pure Diesel engine, by increasing gas proportion in dual-fuel, indicated power and...

It is often asserted that consumers undervalue future gasoline costs relative to purchase prices when they choose between automobiles, or equivalently that they have high "implied discount rates" for these future energy costs. We show how this can be tested by measuring whether relative prices of vehicles with different fuel economy ratings fully adjust to time series variation in gasoline pric...

FiC Burean of Ecooomics working papers are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussion and critical commeot All data cootained in them are in the pnblic domaio. This includes infonnation obtained by the CommiSliioo which has become part of pnblic record. The analyses and conclnsions set forth are those of the anthors 8IId do not necessarily reflect the views of other members of the...

Some “alternates within alternates” are studied and possible improvement of our energy policies are explored. The viability of a hydrogen fuel economy is reviewed. Methanol, ethanol or ammonia versus hydrogen is one area of interest. Others include liquid hydrogen versus jet fuels, the use of geothermal, solar, wind or water energy for production of hydrogen gas versus development of deep earth...

Continued legislative pressure to reduce exhaust emissions from CI (compression ignition) has resulted in the development of advanced fuel injection equipment. This advanced injection system produces higher temperatures and pressures at the injector tip, where deposit formation is initiated. In this research, an endurance test was carried out for 250 h on 2 fuel samples; DF (diesel fuel) as bas...

Technology absorption is critical to emerging market growth. To study this process I exploit fuel economy standards, which compel automakers to either acquire fuel efficiency technology or reduce vehicle quality. With novel, unique data on the Chinese auto market between 1999 and 2012, I evaluate the effect of China’s 2009 fuel economy standards on firms’ vehicle characteristic choices. Through...

Current SAE practices for evaluating potential improvements in fuel economy on heavy-duty vehicles rely on gravimetric measurements of fuel tanks. However, the recent evolution of portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) offers an alternative means of evaluating real-world fuel economy that may be faster and more cost effective. This paper provides a direct comparison of these two methods ...

Proponents of increasing corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for passenger vehicles see the policy as a relatively low cost and proven way to decrease the United States’ dependence on oil and emissions of carbon dioxide (the predominant greenhouse gas). Opponents argue that CAFE standards are a costly and cumbersome way to reduce gasoline consumption, that they interfere with the ma...

Introduction Global Climate Change (GCC) is the most pressing problem the world faces today, due to the potentially catastrophic and far-reaching nature of its effects. If the world’s governments do not successfully cut their projected carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in half by 2056, extremely damaging and irreversible effects will likely result [1, 2]. There are myriad ways to reduce these emis...