This research aims to obtain the optimal honeycomb hybrid crash box design. Finite elements, parametric studies, and multi-objective optimization are carried out sequentially. Parametric studies important parameters increase energy absorption minimize mass. The effect of structure angle, side length, thickness selected as design parameter. Energy mass observed responses. Based on results, it ca...

An electric heavy quadricycle, categorized as an L7e vehicle, is alternative solution for sustainable mobility with a lower carbon footprint and high energy consumption efficiency. However, accidental crashes of quadricycles larger vehicle opponents can cause extensive damage to their structures fatal injury the occupants due geometry drawback in limited space front crumple zone. This work inve...

Rear-end collisions are one of the most frequent crash types in the U.S. Pre-Collision System (PCS) have been developed to mitigate the frequency and severity of rear-end collisions. The potential effectiveness of these systems, however, depends on the driver’s state and their attempted avoidance maneuvers. This study utilized the National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey (NMVCCS), a unique...

OBJECTIVE Motorcyclist collisions with fixed objects account for a substantial proportion of fatalities in many countries. Biomechanically valid crash test protocols are required to assess the injury potential of different fixed objects to motorcyclists and/or to develop safety devices that ameliorate this injury risk. The aim of the present article is to provide field-observed injury data pert...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether varying the seat belt load limiter (SBL) according to crash and occupant characteristics could have real-world injury reduction benefits in frontal impacts and, if so, to quantify those benefits. METHODS Real-world UK accident data were used to identify the target population of vehicle occupants and frontal crash scenarios where improved chest protection could b...

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) Vehicle Safety Rulemaking and Research Priority Plan 2009 – 2011 describes the projects the agency plans to work on in the rulemaking and research areas in those calendar years. Specific programs identified in the plan included research to improve vehicle safety for rear seat occupants, children, and older people. In support of the pr...

Recent field data have shown that the occupant protection in vehicle rear seats failed to keep pace with advances in the front seats likely due to the lack of advanced safety technologies. The objective of this study was to optimize advanced restraint systems for protecting rear seat occupants with a range of body sizes under different frontal crash pulses. Three series of sled tests (baseline ...

In high-severity crashes, occupant protection is challenging. Automated Emergency Braking (AEB) and seatbelt pre-pretensioning (PPT) are means to improve protection; the purpose of this study was quantify their effects on injury risks in full-frontal crashes by Finite Element (FE) simulations. The SAFER Active average male Human Body Model used as an substitute. crash pulses were from separate ...