Brackish water lake is home of peculiar organisms, as its salinity is middle of those of sea and fresh water. Its salinity changes sensitively with sea level, river flow rate and lake topography. Hinuma Lake is one of brackish water lakes in Japan and connects with the Pacific Ocean through a tributary and a major river. Therefore the inflow process of salt water to the lake is very complex. Th...

Vibrio cholerae is both an inhabitant of estuarine environments and the etiologic agent of the diarrheal disease cholera. Previous work has demonstrated that V. cholerae forms both an exopolysaccharide-dependent biofilm and a Ca2+-dependent biofilm. In this work, we demonstrate a role for the O-antigen polysaccharide of V. cholerae in Ca2+-dependent biofilm development in model and true sea wat...

O LDER concepts as to the cause of death from drowning postulated that spasm of the glottis prevents entry of water into the lungs, that impairment or cessation of the heart beat is due to asphyxia and that use of artificial respiration offers the greatest chance for revival. Recent experimental studies have revealed that this mechanism is dominant in a minority of cases only: 20 per cent in ou...

Osmoregulation in marine mammals has been investigated for over a century; however, a review of recent advances in our understanding of water and electrolyte balance and of renal function in marine mammals is warranted. The following topics are discussed: (i) kidney structure and urine concentrating ability, (ii) sources of water, (iii) the effects of feeding, fasting and diving, (iv) the renal...

Smelt Osmerus eperlanus has two different life history strategies in The Netherlands. The migrating population inhabits the Wadden Sea and spawns in freshwater areas. After the closure of the Afsluitdijk in 1932, part of the smelt population became landlocked. The fresh water smelt population has been in severe decline since 1990, and has strongly negatively impacted the numbers of piscivorous ...

the present investigation provides a thorough study of eliminating soluble and colloidal elements of copper, iron, magnesium and zinc during estuarine mixing of gorganrood river water with caspian sea water in iran. the processes of flocculation were carried out in 10 aquariums in order to furnish the salinity in an interval of 0.3 - 4.4 ppt. the obtained result is indicative of non- conservati...

Estuaries are well known for their potential in removing metal from fresh water to provide micro-nutrients to aquatic life. In the present investigation, we have tried to bring out the metal removal potential of estuaries during accidental spills. For this purpose artificial river water containing high concentration of Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb were mixed with sea water at different salinity regime...

Na-K-activated adenosinetriphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase) has been implicated in the active excretion of sodium ions by the gill of teleosts living in sea water. In the eel, Anguilla japonica, the activity of this enzyme increased markedly one week after transfer from fresh water to sea water. Hypophysectomy resulted in a reduction of this adaptive increase and the impairment was restored by cortiso...