OBJECTIVE To determine the static load-bearing capacity of composite resin onlay restorations made of particulate filler composite (PFC) with two different types of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) substructures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Specimens were prepared to simulate an onlay restoration, composed of a 2 to 3 mm FRC layer as the substructure (short random and continuous bidirectional fiber ...

BACKGROUND Measurement of functional residual capacity (FRC) is now possible at bedside, during mechanical ventilation. OBJECTIVES To determine the relationship of measured absolute and relative predicted FRC values to oxygenation and respiratory-system compliance, and to identify variables that influence FRC in ventilated patients after cardiac surgery. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed ...

BACKGROUND Aortic arch anomalies (AAA) are rare cardio-vascular anomalies. Right-sided and double-sided aortic arch anomalies (RAAA, DAAA) are distinguished, both may cause airway obstructions. We studied the degree of airway obstruction in infants with AAA by neonatal lung function testing (LFT). PATIENTS AND METHODS 17 patients (10 RAAA and 7 DAAA) with prenatal diagnosis of AAA were invest...

BACKGROUND The functional residual capacity (FRC), the only lung volume to be routinely measured in infants, is an unreliable volume landmark. In addition to FRC, the residual volume (RV) was measured by nitrogen washout using rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RTC) in nine infants with cystic fibrosis aged 5-31 months. METHODS A commercial system for nitrogen washout to measure lung volumes...

introduction: the purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate coronal microlenkage in anterior weakend teeth after root canal therapy, reinforced with different tooth-coloured material and frc post. methods and materials: a total 48 extracted intact central incisor were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=12). all specimens were endodontically treated using lateral condensat...

background: different postdesigns and materials are available; however, no consensus exists regarding superiority for stress distribution. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of design and material of post with or without ferrule on stress distribution using finite element analysis. materials and methods: a total of 12 three‑dimensional (3d) axisymmetric models of postretained cent...

Unbleached kraft pulp fibers were modified with laccase and ferulic acid (FRC) to improve their physical strength properties in paper products. The optimal conditions of laccase-FRC modification were examined in terms of the physical properties of pulps. The effects of laccase-FRC modification on the carboxyl group content and surface lignin content of pulps were investigated. The surface morph...

Adaptive immune responses are initiated when T cells encounter antigen on dendritic cells (DC) in T zones of secondary lymphoid organs. T zones contain a 3-dimensional scaffold of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC) but currently it is unclear how FRC influence T cell activation. Here we report that FRC lines and ex vivo FRC inhibit T cell proliferation but not differentiation. FRC share this fe...

Functional residual capacity (FRC) was measured before and after induction of anaesthesia for jejunoileal bypass surgery in 30 morbidly obese patients. The onset of anaesthesia was associated with a 51% reduction in FRC from 2.2 litre to 1.0 litre. Eighteen of the patients were investigated more extensively; in these subjects FRC was reduced below the control values of residual volume (RV) with...

Definition ....................................................................... Methods for determining FRC ................................... Choice of method FRC measured by plethysmography (FRCpleth) ......... FRC measured by helium dilution (FRCHe) ............. FRC measured by nitrogen washout (FRCN2) ........... Standards for lung volume measurement by gas dilution/washout techniques ...