There are many functions which are continuous everywhere but non-differentiable at someor all points such functions are termed as unreachable functions. Graphs representing suchunreachable functions are called unreachable graphs. For example ECG is such an unreachable graph. Classical calculus fails in their characterization as derivatives do not exist at the unreachable points. Such unreachabl...

The work carried out in this paper is an interdisciplinary study of Fractional Calculus and Fluid Mechanics i.e. work based on Mathematical Physics. The aim of this paper is to generalize the instability phenomenon in fluid flow through porous media with mean capillary pressure by transforming the problem into Fractional partial differential equation and solving it by using Fractional Calculus ...

The theory of derivatives and integrals of fractional in fractional calculus have found enormousapplications in mathematics, physics and engineering so for that reason we need an efficient and accurate computational method for the solution of fractional differential equations. This paper presents a numerical method for solving a class of linear and nonlinear multi-order fractional differential ...

Since the fractional Brownian motion is not a semi–martingale, the usual Ito calculus cannot be used to define a full stochastic calculus. However, in this work, we obtain the Itô formula, the Itô–Clark representation formula and the Girsanov theorem for the functionals of a fractional Brownian motion using the stochastic calculus of variations.

Since the fractional Brownian motion is not a semiimartingale, the usual Ito calculus cannot be used to deene a full stochastic calculus. However, in this work, we obtain the Itt formula, the ItttClark representation formula and the Girsanov theorem for the functionals of a fractional Brownian motion using the stochastic calculus of variations.

Fractional calculus has recently attracted much attention in the literature. In particular, fractional derivatives are widely discussed and applied in many areas. However, it is still hard to develop numerical methods for fractional calculus. In this paper, based on Fourier series and Taylor series technique, we provide some numerical methods for computing and simulating fractional derivatives ...

Fractional calculus was introduced in many fields of science and engineering long time ago. It was first developed by mathematicians in the middle of the ninetieth century. During the past decades, fractional calculus has gained great interest in several applications [1]. For instance, fractional order systems and controllers have been applied to improve performance and robustness properties in...

Fractional (non-integer) derivatives and integrals play an important role in theory and applications. The fractional calculus of variations is a rather recent subject with the first results from 1996. This paper presents necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for fractional problems of the calculus of variations with a Lagrangian density depending on the free end-points. The fractional ...

It is well known that the complex step method is a tool that calculates derivatives by imposing a complex step in a strict sense. We extended the method by employing the fractional calculus differential operator in this paper. The fractional calculus can be taken in the sense of the Caputo operator, Riemann-Liouville operator, and so forth. Furthermore, we derived several approximations for com...

The theory of derivatives and integrals of non-integer order goes back to Leibniz, Liouville, Grunwald, Letnikov and Riemann. The history of fractional vector calculus (FVC) has only 10 years. The main approaches to formulate a FVC, which are used in the physics during the past few years, will be briefly described in this paper. We solve some problems of consistent formulations of FVC by using ...