Making good decisions for adaptive forest management has become increasingly difficult. New artificial intelligence (AI) technology allows knowledge processing to be included in decision–support tool. The application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), known as Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP), to predict the behaviours of nonlinear systems has become an attractive alternative to traditio...

Most research on detecting a speaker’s cognitive state when interacting with a dialog system has been based on selfreports, or on hand-coded subjective judgments based on audio or audio-visual observations. This study examines two questions: (1) how do undesirable system responses affect people physiologically, and (2) to what extent can we predict physiological changes from the speech signal a...

Our knowledge of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics during stand development is not only essential for evaluating the role of secondary forests in the global terrestrial C cycle, but also crucial for understanding long-term C-N interactions in terrestrial ecosystems. However, a comprehensive understanding of forest C and N dynamics over age sequence remains elusive due to the diverse results ...

SU.M~IARY: This paper describes part of a study of vegetation/soil system dynamics in which d~e re]ationships were demonstrated bctween structuraJ chang<' of the forest, with"associated changes in composition, and changes in otganic matter and soil physical properties, particularly the quantities cf water and air in non-capillarypores. Becausc of these rcsults an a.nalysis,\','as made of the qu...

Have tropical rain forest landscapes changed directionally through recent decades? To answer this question requires tracking forest structure and dynamics through time and across within-forest environmental heterogeneity. While the impacts of major environmental gradients in soil nutrients, climate and topography on lowland tropical rain forest (TRF) structure and function have been extensively...

Over the past century forest regrowth in Europe and North America expanded forest carbon (C) sinks and offset C emissions but future C accumulation is uncertain. Policy makers need insights into forest C dynamics as they anticipate emissions futures and goals. We used land use and forest inventory data to estimate how forest C dynamics have changed in the southeastern United States and attribut...

Forest understories across the northern United States (US) are a complex of tree seedlings, endemic forbs, herbs, shrubs, and introduced plant species within a forest structure defined by tree and forest floor attributes. The substantial increase in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman) populations over the past decades has resulted in heavy browse pressure in many of these fores...

We investigated the effect of local environment on the demography and population dynamics of arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii plesius ) by comparing reproduction, survival, and population trends of squirrels living in low elevation boreal forest and high elevation alpine tundra sites in southwestern Yukon Territory, Canada. Contrary to the trend for most birds and mammals, reproduc...