conclusions it was shown that the removal efficiency of nitrate was directly proportional to the amount of chaff, temperature, and contact time but inversely to the ph. this study showed that nitrate removal by chaff is a promising technique. results the result of this study revealed that chaff as an absorbent could remove nitrate from solutions, and the efficiency of adsorption increased as co...

The global water shortage alert has been upgraded to a higher risk level. Consequently, sustainable approach for ecofriendly, energy efficient desalination is required agricultural and municipal reuse. In this study, an energy-efficient biological process was used treat chloride anions, which are the most abundant anion salt in seawater. Three algal species were studied: Scenedismus arcuatusa (...

A distinctive feature of the voltage-dependent chloride channels ClC-0 (the Torpedo electroplaque chloride channel) and ClC-1 (the major skeletal muscle chloride channel) is that chloride acts as a ligand to its own channel, regulating channel opening and so controlling the permeation of its own species. We have now studied the permeation of a number of foreign anions through ClC-1 using voltag...

with a mean precipitation rate, much lower than that of the world, iran is among the countries that face severe water challenges. the present study has dealt with the evaluation of hydrochemistry of faryab spring water in hormozgan province, iran. four different composite water samples have been analyzed to detect major anions, cations, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, ph, and s...

This study was carried out in the Middle Governorate of Gaza Strip, Palestine. The coastal aquifer is the main source of water for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes in the study area. During the last three decades the aquifer has deteriorated to a high degree in the quality and quantity due to the over-pumping and the encroachment of seawater.  Hydrogeochemical analysis for ground...