Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) which is the most common form of anovulatory infertility affects 5-10% women of reproductive age. Clomiphene Citrate (C.C) is the first line treatment in infertile women entering intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycle. For C.C resistant patients the second approach is aromatase inhibitors such as Letrozole. The aim of this study is to compare the ef...

In the normal human menstrual cycle, the final phase of ovarian folliculogenesis leading upto the pre-ovulatory stage is gonadotropin dependent. Luteinising hormone (LH) acts synergistically with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to achieve follicular steroidogenesis, luteinisation and ovulation. It therefore follows that the maturational process of the oocyte contained within the follicle and...

De novo hair follicle (HF) formation in embryonic skin and hair growth in postnatal skin are the result of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions between specialized mesenchymal dermal papilla (DP) and epithelial stem cells that give rise to hairs. Adult HF is a valuable source of different lineages of stem cells (SCs) with morphogenetic potential. Epithelial stem cells are residing in the special...

The Intervet Symposium 'Control and Regulation of Folliculogenesis' took place at the Annual Conference of the Society for the Study of Fertility in University College, Dublin in July, 1995. Five papers were presented, of which abstracts have been published. Discussion centred on monotocous species and principally addressed the question 'How is the ovulatory follicle selected and nurtured?' Man...

Evidence shows that luteinising hormone (LH) participates in enhancing the transition from early to antral stage of folliculogenesis. Functional LH receptor was demonstrated be expressed, albeit at a very low level, even smaller follicles during phase traditionally considered gonadotropin-independent suggesting role for accelerating rate progression non-growing and primary preantral/antral stag...

In its development the IVF technology has passed through several stages, characterized by the transition from an unstimulated cycle to using inductors of folliculogenesis (clomiphene citrate at first and then gonadotropin). As a result, this led to rationale of the use of gonadotropins on the background of desensitization of the adenohypophysis provided by agonists or antagonists of GnRH [1]. D...

In the normal human menstrual cycle, the final phase of ovarian folliculogenesis leading upto the pre-ovulatory stage is gonadotropin dependent. Luteinising hormone (LH) acts synergistically with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to achieve follicular steroidogenesis, luteinisation and ovulation. It therefore follows that the maturational process of the oocyte contained within the follicle and...

Macrophages are multifunctional cells that play key roles in the immune response and are abundant throughout female reproductive tissues. Macrophages are identified in tissues by their expression of cell surface receptors and can execute diverse functional activities, including phagocytosis and degradation of foreign antigens, matrix dissolution and tissue remodelling, and production and secret...

The number of antral follicles (a stage of folliculogenesis) determinates the quantity of oocytes potentially available for ovulation. It is one of the characteristics used to specify so called ovarian reserve which represents important factor to predict the result of IVF cycle, among other things. AFC can be set by usage of transvaginal ultrasonography (a sonography that applies an ultrasound ...

The primary function of the female ovary is the production of a mature and viable oocyte capable of fertilization and subsequent embryo development and implantation. At birth, the ovary contains a finite number of oocytes available for folliculogenesis. This finite number of available oocytes is termed "the ovarian reserve". The determination of ovarian reserve is important in the assessment an...