Intergovernmental grants are based on the interrelated choices of: (i) the national government deciding whether to offer the grant; (ii) the national government determining grant conditions; (iii) the subnational government deciding whether to accept the grant; and (iv) the subnational government determining policy, including spending levels, upon grant receipt. Empirically and theoretically, s...

The flypaper trap of the protocarnivorous plant Roridula gorgonias is known to capture various insects, even those having a considerable body size, by using an adhesive, visco-elastic resinous secretion released by glandular trichomes of different dimensions. However, recent experimental studies have shown that the adhesion of long tentacle-shaped trichome secretion is not as strong as previous...

This study empirically examines the influence of intergovernmental transfers and fall it to local government’s expenditure in Indonesia as well possibility flypaper effect occurrence over pandemic. Over years, general, was increasing since decentralization applied 2000 till pandemic hit country which made regulator for first time 20 years decided cut overall municipalities order recover economi...

This study aims to confirm the flypaper effect phenomenon and impact of Covid-19 pandemic on local own-source revenue (LOR), general allocation fund (GAF), government financing expenditure in Indonesia. The research used a quantitative method, while sample was data regional budget (RGB) realization 335 governments 2019 – 2020. were analyzed using Moderating Regression Analysis. found that there...