A three-dimensional numerical model is used to compute the water flow field in a straight flume with a cobble bed. The geometry of the numerical model is a replication of a physical model experiment where the largest cobbles were approximately 10 cm long. Detailed information on the digital terrain model of the bed was available from a laser scan of the bed. In the experiments, flow velocity pr...

Chemical sanitizers are routinely used during commercial flume washing of fresh-cut leafy greens to minimize cross-contamination from the water. This study assessed the efficacy of five commercial sanitizer treatments against Escherichia coli O157:H7 on iceberg lettuce, in wash water, and on equipment during simulated commercial production in a pilot-scale processing line. Iceberg lettuce (5.4 ...

The present study aimed to identify threshold shear stresses to cause benthic invertebrates to drift in boundary shear layers. Laboratory experiments were carried out in a small tilting flume, 10 cm wide and 3 m long with a closed recirculation system and a fixed sand bottom of uniform grain size. Benthic invertebrates from different orders (Achaeta, Gastropoda, Crustacea, Ephemeroptera, Odonat...

Abstract The hydraulic characteristics of the flow are measured using tools such as flumes, in design and evaluation furrow irrigation systems. Proper use these tools, their immersion while working, is one important executive points this field; study, trapezoidal flumes used to measure intensity input output irrigation. proper method installing was investigated article. For purpose, during 60 o...

soil detachment is known as an important process in soil erosion and its quantification is necessary to establish a basic understanding of erosion. this study was carried out to find the best flow erosivity indicator(s) for predicting detachment rate at low slopes. for this purpose, 12 experiments including 6 flow discharges (75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 ml/s) and 2 slope gradients (1.5 and 2...

long-throated flumes are measurement structures often used in water and wastewater systems to determine the flow discharge. the head-discharge relationship of long-throated flumes is traditionally determined following the critical flow theory and the boundary layer concept. after a review of the traditional approach and an analysis of the approximate assumptions of the boundary layer approach, ...

The article touches a physically interesting phenomena of half-frequency edge waves. Results look interesting and useful in the context of shore wave dynamics. A few points need to be expanded though. 1) It is worth presenting the raw data explicitly displaying the period doubling effect. ADV versus wave gauges? Difference between wave gauge reading? 2) The flume is narrow hence parameters of t...

The endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera), one of the longest-lived invertebrates, are threatened globally. Scotland, UK, remains a stronghold, however even here the population is declining due to factors such as habitat degradation, pollution and pearl fishing. The study comprised two parts: field surveys of glochidia infection of host salmonid fish, and a novel labo...

During the past several decades, a number of attempts have been made to contain oil slicks (or any surface contaminants) in the open sea by means of a floating barrier. Many of those attempts were not very successful especially in the presence of waves and currents. The relative capabilities of these booms have not been properly quantified for lack of standard analysis or testing procedure (Hud...