During incineration of wastes in waste incineration plants, polluted flue gases are generated which have to be subjected to flue gas purification. Although the legal requirements are nearly unambiguous, the question of whether wet flue gas purification is to be performed in a sewage-free or sewage-generating manner is discussed controversially by experts in the Federal Republic of Germany. As a...

Overview Description of real life problem Motivation for choosing a multiple objective model Multiple objective model (decision variables, objectives, constraints) Technique used to solve the problem Analysis of results Opinion about the proposed model and solution approach Description of the real life problem We consider a waste incineration plant Input : Waste (cardboard, wood, glass, food wa...

The paper discusses the various methods used in Europe to reduce emissions of pollutants from the stack gases of municipal incinerators. With respect to NOx, the paper mentions two experimental postcombustion control approaches involving the addition of chemicals to the wet-scrubber system to oxidize or reduce the NOx to absorbable NO 2 or dischargeable N 2. As pointed out , these methods would...

Municipal waste has characteristics that make it particularly suitable for the generation of heat and power. Waste is generally available close to the location of heat and power consumption in towns and densely populated areas. The technology used in modern Energy-from-Waste (EfW) plants is such that the waste is transformed into a reusable ash and that the flue gases are no longer a significan...

Species of arsenic and selenium thought to be present in coal combustion flue gases were studied using density functional theory and a broad range of ab initio methods. At each level of theory, the calculated geometries and vibrational frequencies of each species as well as the reaction enthalpies of anticipated reactions were compared with experimental data where available. Comparisons between...

Introduction. The aim of this investigation is to prepare activated carbons with good sorbent characteristics from oil-fired fly ash, looking for suitable activation processes to produce surface sites with high reactivity on the carbonaceous matrices [1-4]. In particular, the nitrogen surface sites, formed by gaseous ammonia reaction at 800°C, could greatly increase the adsorption of gaseous sp...

Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) are most important device used to control the pollution by collecting dust particles present on flue gases. In power plants, Coal used in Indian thermal power stations is of inferior grade, at power plant flue gas is often treated with a series of chemical process and scrubbers, having low calorific value (3500-4500)kcal/kg and high ash content due to drift ori...

One of the new approaches for capturing carbon dioxide from treated flue gases (post-combustion capture) is based on gas hydrate crystallization. The basis for the separation or capture of the CO(2) is the fact that the carbon dioxide content of gas hydrate crystals is different than that of the flue gas. When a gas mixture of CO(2) and H(2) forms gas hydrates the CO(2) prefers to partition in ...

Recent field tests of mercury removal with activated carbon injection (ACI) have revealed that mercury capture is limited in flue gases containing high concentrations of sulfur oxides (SOx). In order to gain a more complete understanding of the impact of SOx on ACl, mercury capture was tested under varying conditions of SO2 and SO3 concentrations using a packed bed reactor and simulated flue ga...

A self-scanning, highly-efficient electron beam source is being built for electron beam dry scrubbing (EBDS) of flue gases. The beam is to be prepared using cyclotron autoresonance acceleration (CARA), which has already experimentally demonstrated an rf efficiency above 90%. The design is based on simulation studies for a 250-kV, 25-A warm injected beam which is accelerated in a 112cm long CARA...