با استفاده از شواهد مورفولوژیک و جغرافیایی، نشان داده می شود که hesperis leucoclada boiss. و pseudofortuynia esfandiarii hedge  مترادف اند. ترکیب جدید pseudofortuynia leucoclada boiss. (khosravi)  نام صحیح تاکسون است.  قرابت pseudofortuynia مورد بحث قرار می گیرد.

گیاه rupr.  potamogeton friesii برای اولین بار به عنوان گونه­ ای جدیدی برای محدوده فلور ایرانیکا گزارش می­ شود. این گونه از استان های چهار­محال و بختیاری، گیلان، اصفهان و خوزستان جمع­ آوری­ شده است. صفات کلیدی جدا کننده آن با گونه­ های نزدیک شامل عرض برگ بیشتر، تعداد 5-7 رگبرگ و گوشوارک ­های دو قسمتی و در حالت تازه به رنگ قرمز مایل به قهوه ­ای است. در این مقاله توصیف این گونه به همراه تصویر، صف...

the quest for power has formed much of the world history especially in 20th and 21st centuries. oil (energy) particularly after industrial revolution has been a tool for conquest and power and has been transformed to a geopolitical issue. from a geopolitical point of view this has been the case for the last two centuries in central asia and caucasus. central asia and caucasus has always been...

background: organic nitrates relax all kinds of smooth muscle , not only vascular smooth muscle , a fact that has allowed the use of these drugs to treat many different aliments. objective.-the purpuse of this study was to examine prosepectively benefical effects , if any, of sublingual nitroglycerin on the pain of renal colic. design.- prospective , randomised , double blind, placebo- contoled...

dynamic assessment according to vygotskys sociocultural theory, states that instruction and assessment are interrelated. using static forms of assessment with second and foreign language students could do more harm than good. many teachers neglect to take account of the complexity involved in learning a second or foreign language and often wonder why learning of a language take so long. thi...

assigning premium to the insurance contract in iran mostly has based on some old rules have been authorized by government, in such a situation predicting premium by analyzing database and it’s characteristics will be definitely such a big mistake. therefore the most beneficial information one can gathered from these data is the amount of loss happens during one contract to predicting insurance ...

nowadays,tourism industry considered as one of the main sources of income of a country.unfortunately and despite of owning plenty of cultural historical and natural attractions, iran has not reached to a proper position in this field. besides, the historical cities of a country are considered as the income resource and national wealth of it. qazvin with a rich cultural precedent, have suitable ...

جزیره قشم بزرگترین جزیره خلیج فارس با وسعت 1445 کیلومتر مربع در راستای سواحل استان هرمزگان از بندر عباس تا بندر خمیر قرار دارد. از رویشهای های اصلی آن می توان  به جنگلهای مانگرو در سواحل شمالی جزیره در مناطق لافت و طبل، جوامع هالوفیت، رویشهای شن رست – نمک دوست، رویشهای تراسهای در حال فرسایش و درخت زارهای خشک اشاره کرد. در این مقاله حدود 314 گونه بومی جزیره قشم لیست شده است که تعداد 74 گونه آن ت...

the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between fear of negative evaluation (fne) and communication strategies (css) among iranian efl learners. it was aimed to examine the differences in the use of communication strategies between speakers with high or low degree of fear of negative evaluation. the current study was a case study consisting of 10 english learners at...