An experimental and numerical study was performed on the interaction of combustible solid particles with atmospheric, strained, laminar premixed methane/air and propane/air flames in normal gravity. The study was conducted in the opposed-jet configuration in which a single flame was stabilized below the gas stagnation plane by counterflowing a mixture against an air jet. Into the flame were see...

Flame spreading is a very important phenomenon in the hazard assessment for fire, which is a key element in providing fire safety in buildings with engineering performance-based fire codes. A mathematical model is presented in this paper to predict the flame spreading of materials using the experimental data from cone calorimeter. Numerical prediction of the flame front position and flame sprea...

The characteristics of triple flames in a hydrogen–air mixing layer are studied using direct numerical simulation with detailed chemistry. Triple flames are initiated by imposing a temperature ignition source in the center of a scalar mixing layer of nonuniform thickness, thereby forming a pair of freely propagating triple flames. Two different fuel streams are studied: pure hydrogen and hydrog...

Turbulent lean premixed dodecane/air flames are simulated in a doubly-periodic domain using detailed kinetics and transport over a range of Karlovitz number. We observe extensive thickening of thermal profiles through the flames that increases with turbulent intensity. The high Lewis number of the flames acts to suppress wrinkling of the flame resulting in considerably lower turbulent flame spe...

An alternative technique that uses a flame-brush at high temperature to enhance UV light photosensitivity in an optical fiber is described. An extreme low-cost air aspirated propane-butane mini-torch is used, which produces a lower temperature flame than the one in the flame-brush original technique. It is shown that this change in the previous technique is also capable of improving photosensit...

The aim of this paper is to present some improvements in the metrology of forest fire flames by coupling image processing and radiative heat flux measurement. A new metrological tool using a visual video camera and a specific multiple thermal sensor is proposed. By means of an appropriate segmentation algorithm and the Direct Linear Transformation, the image processing methodology gives the for...

A large eddy simulation (LES) model was developed to simulate the combustion process in a spark-assisted homogeneous charge compression ignition (SACI) engine. First, an ignition and flame propagation model based on a reaction progress variable is presented. The reaction progress variable is defined based on the normalized cumulative heat release. Transport equation for the progress variable is...

        In the present study, the effect of random distribution of reactants and products on laminar, 2D and steady-state flame propagation in aluminium particles has been investigated. The equations are solved only for lean mixture. The flame structure is assumed to consist of a preheat zone, a reaction zone and a post flame zone. It is presumed that in the preheat zone particles are heated an...

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of casting temperature and atmosphere on the castability of three Ni-Cr alloys against direct flame casting method. Vera Bond (VB), Vera Bond 2 (VB2) and Wiron 99 (W99) were cast at three temperatures: VB and VB2 (1310 °C, 1340 °C and 1370 °C); W99 (1400 °C, 1430 °C and 1460 °C) in atmosphere, vacuum and direct flame. Each alloy was cast in se...

We study radial flame ball solutions of a three dimensional free boundary problem (FBP) which models combustion of a gaseous mixture with dust in a micro-gravity environment. The model combines diffusion of mass and temperature with reaction at the flame front, the reaction rate being temperature dependent. The radiative flux due to the presence of dust enters the equation for the temperature i...