The mycobacterial ESX-1 virulence locus accelerates macrophage recruitment to the forming tuberculous granuloma. Newly recruited macrophages phagocytose previously infected apoptotic macrophages to become new bacterial growth niches. Granuloma macrophages can then necrose, releasing mycobacteria into the extracellular milieu, which potentiates their growth even further. Using zebrafish with gen...

In a series of studies conducted in Malawi to determine the effects of different salinity concentrations on survival, growth, feed conversion, reproduction, and whole-body composition of five taxonomic groups of tilapia—Oreochromis shiranus chilwae (Lake Chilwa strain), O. shiranus chilwae (Bunda College strain), O. karongae, O. shiranus shiranus, and Tilapia rendalli—it was observed that the f...

Tank color impacts marine fish larval performance, as dark tanks appear to provide contrast that allows larvae to better visualize live and artificial prey. While tanks can be fabricated in any color, commercially available on–growing systems are generally black, green, or dark and light blue. Anecdotal information suggested that certain juvenile fish perform better in tanks with black sides an...

When encountering a unidirectional flow, many fish exhibit an unconditioned orienting response known as rheotaxis. This multisensory behavior can reportedly involve visual, vestibular, tactile and lateral line cues. However, the precise circumstances under which different senses contribute are still unclear and there is considerable debate, in particular, about the contributions of the lateral ...

We measured the time spent in monocular viewing during inspection of their own mirror images in females of three species of fish (Xenotoca eiseni, Gambusia holbrooki and Xenopoecilus sarasinorum) using a rectangular tank in which animals could observe their own reflections in two mirrors positioned along the major walls, and in females of five species of fish (X. eiseni, G. holbrooki, X. sarasi...

Mycobacterium marinum is an unusual atypical mycobacterium with low pathogenicity for humans in comparison with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among the non-tuberculous mycobacterial pathogens, Mycobacterium marinum is the most common pathogen to cause skin infections. Mycobacterium marinum infection causes chronic cutaneous lesions and in some cases deeper infections such as tenosynovitis, septic...

Next-generation sequencing is revealing the complex interactive networks of host-bacteria interactions, as it is now possible to screen in detail the microbiota harbored by a host. This study investigated the influence of a probiotic treatment on the survival and microbiota of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), focusing on its disturbance of the natural microbiota (dysbiosis). The results ind...

effects of different levels of dietary nucleotides (nt) were studied on muscle amino acid profile of rain bow trout with an average weight 11.35±0.32 over 8 weeks. this experimental was carried out in 700 l circular tanks with 40 fish per tank. nt was added to the diet at the rates of 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2%. fish were fed 5 times a day at a rate of 3-5% body weight. after 8 weeks of feed...