One of the more intractable problems that archaeobiologists struggle with is how to characterise ancient subsistence systems when the plant and animal remains that we study are incommensurate in so many ways. Three examples from the upper Euphrates and Iran illustrate how changes in plant remains are associated with changes in animal exploitation. Two of them consider the agropastoral continuum...

The present article gives an overview on the development of measurement and practical acquisition circle section dimensions since late 3rd millennium BC. In key points, prerequisites implementation for celestial observations over approx. 1500 years up to 8th century BC are collected analyzed, in terms their logical requirements connected archaeological findings. A comprehensible unambiguous cal...

Today more than ever, archeological research is interdisciplinary: environmental sciences, pollen analysis, botany, soil science, and hydrology. In fact, the impacts of human behaviors on environment and environment on human behaviors can be studied through use of remote sensing technology. The use of this important technique gives archaeologists the opportunity to understand these impacts, whi...

Recent advances in archaeology, chronobiology, and history of science have made it possible to decipher hitherto obscure passages related to planets in the Indian books of the third millennium BC. A brief summary of this knowledge is presented. It is argued that the period of Mercury was obtained near the end of the Vedic age in India. This was celebrated in terms of the famous myth of Vishnu s...

The transition from hunter gathering to farming is one of the most important episodes in history humankind. Considerable evidence indicates that this shift was a slow, complex, highly localized process, which took place multiple places Southwest Asia independently, around 9500 BC. Caprines were arguably first domesticated livestock, brought under human control during process began 9th millenniu...

ABSTRACT Radiocarbon ( 14 C) data for 2nd millennium BC urban sites in northern Mesopotamia have been lacking until recently. This article presents a preliminary dataset and Bayesian model addressing the Middle early Late Bronze Age (Old Babylonian pre/early Mittani) strata of Kurd Qaburstan—one largest archaeological on Erbil plain Iraqi Kurdistan. The results place large, densely occupied for...

Studies of ancient Mesopotamian cities have long focused on their institutions. Here, instead, the authors draw recent investigations at third-millennium BC site Lagash (modern Tell al-Hiba, Iraq) to explore urban density, economy and sustainability one largest centres region. Drawing excavation, environmental remote-sensing data, adopt a multi-scalar approach, revealing dense occupation, with ...

Abstract Lacking well-dated fifth millennium Mesolithic evidence and based on a consensus that late Britain was isolated from the continent, discussion of Mesolithic–Neolithic transition has focused centuries around 4000 BC. This discourse over-simplified complex neolithisation processes. New, high-quality 460,000 lithics found at Bexhill, Sussex, SE England, helps to redress this. Here, microl...