We examine firm valuation with optimal liquidity (retained earnings) and dividend choice under revenue uncertainty that incorporates debt financing and bankruptcy costs. We revisit the conditions for dividend policy irrelevancy and the role of retained earnings and dividends. Retained earnings have a net positive impact on firm value in the presence of growth options, high external financing co...

The aim of this study is to investigate the affect of firm size on profitability. In this study, data of 200 companies which were active in Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) between the years 2008-2011 has been used. “Return on Assets” (ROA) has been used as indicators of firm profitability and total assets, total sales and number of employees have been used as indicators of size. Multiple regressi...

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect profitability, company size and intellectual capital on firm value. T his type research a quantitative . Researchers use secondary data collection using documentation method. population are pharmaceutical companies from 2016 2021. sampling technique purposive sample 10 companies. Different previous studies SPSS eviews, uses partial least squa...

We analyze the implications of entrepreneurial spawning for a variety of firm characteristics such as size, focus, profitability, and innovativeness. We examine the dynamics of spawning over time. Our model accounts for much of the empirical evidence relating to the relation between spawning and firm characteristics. Firms that have higher patent quality spawn more, as do firms that have higher...

We analyze the implications of entrepreneurial spawning for a variety of firm characteristics such as size, focus, profitability, and innovativeness. We examine the dynamics of spawning over time. Our model accounts for much of the empirical evidence relating to the relation between spawning and firm characteristics. Firms that have higher patent quality spawn more, as do firms that have higher...