The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vitamin and mineral content of bone and raw food rations fed to adult dogs in Germany. Pet owners completed a standardised feeding questionnaire. The composition of 95 rations was calculated from mean data for foodstuffs using nutrition balancing software. Typical ration ingredients were meats, fish, offal, dairy products, eggs, oil, nuts, cod li...

the vibratory finishing is one of the important mass finishing processes. this can be applied for finishing many metallic and non- metallic components using abrasive materials such as steel, ceramic, natural materials and etc. the vibratory finishing process is used for some purposes such as surfaces polishing, deburring, oxide layer removing and rounding the edges. evaluation of surface roughn...

The effect of diets with different levels of partly destoned exhausted olive cake (PDEOC) on growth performance and carcass traits of Gentile di Puglia breed lambs was studied. Sixty lambs (16.5 ± 0.5 kg) at weaning were randomly allocated to 3 isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets for 50 d. Pelleted total mixed rations (TMR) were formulated to provide olive by-product at 3 different levels: 1) a...

Food technology has been instrumental in ensuring that troops remain “fit to fight”. Early food technologies produced flat bread, hard biscuits, cheese and salted meat, allowing Roman legionaries to carry rations for several days. Canning was invented in the late 18th century in response to the French Government’s offer of a substantial reward to the person whose invention would allow troops to...

Beef finishing and dairy lactation experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of distillers grains (DG) from sorghum or corn fermentation, in both wet (35.4% DM) and dry (92.2% DM) form (dairy trial only). In the finishing experiment, 60 yearling steers were used in a completely randomized design with three diets that were fed for 127 d: 1) control diet with 86% (DM basis) dry...

This study compares all-in-all-out (AlAD) production with continuous-flow(CF) production during the growing-finishing phase. Thirty-three randomly selected pigs were moved into a room designated as the AIAD facility at approximately 17-20 kg (37-44 Ib) body weight. These pigs may have been infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida but were not exhibiting clinical signs of...

A twoto four-fold increase in corn prices in recent years over historical trends has prompted many questions about alternatives to corn for dairy rations. As corn is a low protein high energy feedstuff, its continued use even with high prices or concern over its partial replacement is mainly confined to rations for lactating cows where meeting the energy requirements of milk production is impor...