We study the acceleration of electrons and positrons at an electromagnetically modified, ultrarelativistic shock in the context of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). We simulate the outflow produced by an obliquely rotating pulsar in proximity of its termination shock with a two-fluid code which uses a magnetic shear wave to mimic the properties of the wind. We integrate electron trajectories in the t...

Ab-initio numerical study of collisionless shocks in electron-ion unmagnetized plasmas is performed with fully relativistic particle in cell simulations. The main properties of the shock are shown, focusing on the implications for particle acceleration. Results from previous works with a distinct numerical framework are recovered, including the shock structure and the overall acceleration featu...

This article reports the application of a recently proposed formalism of domain averaged Fermi holes to the problem of the localization of electron pairs in electron localization function (ELF) domains and its possible implications for the electron pair model of chemical bond. The main focus was on the systems, such as H2O or N2, in which the "unphysical" population of ELF domains makes the par...

The influence of the gravity acceleration on the regularized energy-momentum tensor of the quantized electromagnetic field between two plane parallel conducting plates is derived. We use Fermi coordinates and work to first order in the constant acceleration parameter. A new simple formula for the trace anomaly is found to first order in the constant acceleration, and a more systematic derivatio...

A three-terminal device based upon a two-dimensional electron system is investigated in the regime of nonequilibrium transport. Excited electrons scatter with the cold Fermi sea and transfer energy and momentum to other electrons. A geometry analogous to a water jet pump is used to create a jet pump for electrons. Because of its phenomenological similarity we name the observed behavior the “ele...

We present a new geometrical approach to superstrings based on the geometrical theory of integration on supermanifolds. This approach provides an effective way to calculate multi-loop superstring amplitudes for arbitrary backgrounds. It makes possible to calculate amplitudes for the physical states defined as BRST cohomology classes using arbitrary representatives. Since the new formalism does ...

We report new theoretical results and analysis for the transport properties of superconducting UPt3 based on the leading models for the pairing symmetry. We use Fermi surface data and the measured inelastic scattering rate to show that the low-temperature thermal conductivity and transverse sound attenuation in the A and B phase of UPt3 are in excellent agreement with pairing states belonging t...

We apply the postquasistatic approximation to study the evolution of spherically symmetric fluid distributions undergoing dissipation in the form of radial heat flow. For a model that corresponds to an incompressible fluid departing from the static equilibrium, it is not possible to go far from the initial state after the emission of a small amount of energy. Initially collapsing distributions ...

Self-consistent solutions to a generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model on a 2-dimensional square lattice are investigated. Away from half-filling, spatially inhomogeneous phases are found. Those phases may have topological structures on the flux order, large unit cell bond order, localized bipolarons, or they are simply short-range ordered and glassy. They have an universal feature of always pos...

In this paper we construct complete macroscopic operators in two dimensional type 0 string theory. They represent D-branes localized in the time direction. We give another equivalent description of them as deformed Fermi surfaces. We also discuss a continuous array of such D-branes and show that it can be described by a matrix model with a deformed potential. For appropriate values of parameter...