Tamoxifen was submitted to carcinogenicity bioassays on Sprague-Dawley rats (of the colony used at the Cancer Research Center in the Castle of Bentivoglio of the European Ramazzini Foundation of Oncology and Environmental Sciences) at the dose of 3.3 mg/kg b.w., by stomach tube, in three experiments. In the first experiment the drug was administered once daily, 6 days a week to male and female ...

Anisimov et al. reported that lifelong treatment with metformin (an anti-diabetic drug with potentially anti-aging effects) was beneficial for female mice but shortened lifespan in males. Here I discuss why suppression of aging may be unfavorable in young males. Metformin is used for treatment of type II (adult-onset) diabetes. Also, metformin and its analog phenformin prevent cancer and increa...

BACKGROUND Up-regulation of tryptophan (Trp) conversion into kynurenine (Kyn) and increased formation of down-stream metabolites of Kyn is one of the mechanisms of aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Kyn is an immediate precursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA), an antagonist to NMDA and α7nAChR receptors and activator of aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Increased formation of KYNA ameliorates neurodegen...