We propose that the evolution of female preferences can be strongly influenced by linkage of attractive male traits to the Y chromosome and female preferences to the X chromosome in male heterogametic species. Such linkage patterns are predicted by models of the evolution of sexually antagonistic genes. Subsequent recombination of attractive male characters from the Y to the X would create phys...

As commonly observed among closely related species within a variety of taxa, Drosophila species differ considerably in whether they exhibit sexual dimorphism in coloration or morphology. Those Drosophila species in which male external sexual characters are minimal or absent tend, instead, to have exaggerated ejaculate traits such as sperm gigantism or seminal nutrient donations. Underlying expl...

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>It can be observed that there was a quantitative increase in the films of female directors Turkey 2000s and these started to create their own cinematic language. These produce by being influenced patriarchal society they live deal with problems women experience society.</p>

Brood parasitism has evolved repeatedly in insects, and is especially diverse within bees. Little attention has been given to the evolution of structural modiÞcations associated with parasitism, in contrast to behavior. Female parasitic bees tend to converge on a suite of characters, some of which may involve loss of characters associated with pollen-collecting or nest-making, whereas others ma...

Selection has been used to create replicated outbred stocks of Drosophila melanogaster with increased longevity, increased later fecundity, and increased levels of physiological performance at later ages. The present study analyzed the quantitative transmission patterns of such stocks, employing extensive replication in numbers of stocks, individuals, and assayed characters. The populations use...

Movies are a huge part of most of our lives. They reflect, distort and influence how our society works. The systematic bias against female and other minority characters and actors in Hollywood has been a hot topic for a while now. However, there has been very little quantitative analysis for this debate. Embodying Silicon Valley’s zeal for data-driven problem solving, we explored a corpus of mo...

This two-part exploratory study utilized a social cognitive theory framework in documenting gender portrayals in teen movies and investigating the influence of exposure to these images on gender-based beließ about friendships, social aggression, and roles of women in society. First, a content analysis of gender portrayals in teen movies was conducted, revealing that female characters are more l...

Estimating the fitness surface of rapidly evolving secondary sexual traits can elucidate the origins of sexual isolation and thus speciation. Evidence suggests that sexual selection is highly complex in nature, often acting on multivariate sexual characters that sometimes include non-heritable components of variation, thus presenting a challenge for predicting patterns of sexual trait evolution...