Abstract—Background: HIV/AIDS is leading to the loss of labor through sickness and subsequent death, this is leading to the neglect of farm and off-farm activities, with the subsequent loss of potential income and food security. The situation is sensitive to seasonal labour peaks in agriculture. This study was done to determine the impact of high HIV prevalence in farming systems and food secur...

INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to examine the association between occupation and osteoarthritis (OA) leading to total knee (TKR) or hip (THR) joint replacement. METHODS The following is the case-control study design. All patients still living in Iceland who had had a TKR or THR due to OA as of the end of 2002 were invited to participate. First degree relatives of participating p...

The purpose of this study was to determine the 10-yr cumulative incidence of hearing impairment and associations of education, occupation and noise exposure history with the incidence of hearing impairment in a population-based cohort study of 3753 adults ages 48-92 yr at the baseline examinations during 1993-1995 in Beaver Dam, WI. Hearing thresholds were measured at baseline, 2.5 yr-, 5 yr-, ...

BACKGROUND There is accumulating evidence that the type of work and environmental exposures in the working environment may have adverse effects on foetal development. AIM To compare the risk of low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational age (SGA) and pre-term delivery (PD) in broad categories of maternal occupation including farming and forestry; factory, mining and construction; office, n...

The study examined interest of farmers and insurance companies in farm insurance. The sample consisted of 110 respondents; 100 farmers and 10 insurance companies. The Probit model was used to analyse the effect of factors affecting the willingness of cocoa farmers to accept farm insurance. All of the respondents had ever heard of one or more types of insurance whiles 32% had knowledge of farm i...

Food production is a major driver of global environmental change and the overshoot of planetary sustainability boundaries. Greater affluence in developing nations and human population growth are also increasing demand for all foods, and for animal proteins in particular. Consequently, a growing body of literature calls for the sustainable intensification of food production, broadly defined as "...

This paper uses comparable income aggregates from 41 national household surveys from 22 countries to explore the patterns of income generation among rural households in Sub-Saharan Africa, and to compare household income strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa with those in other regions. The paper seeks to understand how geography drives these strategies, focusing on the role of agricultural potentia...

A proper analysis of the consequences of an Austrian participation in the European Common Market for the domestic farming sector requires a simultaneous consideration of intraand intersectoral effects. Simulation experiments with a model link between a macroeconometric model and an econometrically estimated agricultural sector model indicate that the migration process out of the agricultural se...

Village Savings and Loan Associations and Self-Help Groups have the features of both a borrowing and a savings technology. They may therefore bring together savers and borrowers, increasing financial intermediation in villages with low access to formal banking. On the other hand, such intermediation may be impeded by limited liability, or by broader social frictions. To test for evidence of int...

Suicide is the eighth leading cause of death in the United States. Suicide rates have been reported to be particularly high in professional, managerial, and executive groups. We reviewed English language epidemiological studies on suicide and occupation published since 1982. Some studies suggest that workers in a number of occupations, including chemistry, farming, and law enforcement, may have...