To determine slag properties and the factors influencing these for optimization of operating conditions in copper flash smelting process, composition microstructures quenched converting slags have been analyzed. Thermodynamic software FactSage 8.2 has used to investigate effects matte grade, SO2 partial pressure, Fe/SiO2 ratio on liquidus temperature content slag. The possibility recover valuab...

Phosphogypsum (PG) is an industrial solid waste, and the production of CaO by CO reduction PG can not only solve environmental problems caused PG, but also turn waste into treasure to generate CaO. However, current yield low. To further improve CaO, a technical method preparation CO-H 2 O synergistic proposed. The impacts concentration, P(H O)/P(CO) ratio reaction temperature are examined in th...

High-Al steel was prepared under laboratory conditions. The single-particle AlN and multi-particle aggregated AlN, AlON, AlN–MnS, Al2O3–AlN–MnS inclusions were observed by FESEM-EDS. are mainly in the form of blocks strips, with their size concentrated range 1 to 5 μm. polygonal, toroidal, irregular shape 13 AlN–MnS is less than 15 Thermodynamic calculation shows that inclusion precipitates two...

Investigations on the viscosity behavior of gasification slags with special respect to P2O5 are scarce. Therefore, a meta study was performed compiling relevant knowledge its effect melt compositions similar slags. The data showed whether oxide behaves acidic and as network former how changes varying basicity single-phase melt. A supplementary since previous paper anomaly bearing slag that is i...

The spent carbon cathode (SCC) produced in the aluminum electrolysis process has been listed as hazardous waste due to excessive soluble fluoride and cyanide. In a high-temperature vacuum environment, cyanide SCC can be evaporated decomposed, respectively. As result, its impact on environment eliminated. remains volatiles collected for resource use. Based analysis of chemical composition phase ...

Due to growing concern over environmental impacts and the pressure lower carbon footprints in metals industry, hydrogen (H2) has gained attention as a promising alternative for replacement of reductant fuel. This paper evaluates potential use an energy source reducing agent during processing waste printed circuit boards (waste PCBs) from e-waste through black copper smelting. The effect reducti...

The syngas produced from gasification process is used for many applications: the selection of fuel, gasifying medium, and operating condition has major influence on final gas composition. In present work, rice husk air gasification, steam sawdust oxygen simulation were carried out by non-stoichiometric equilibrium model based Gibbs free energy minimization using FACTSAGE 6.3 software. investiga...

The need to reduce CO2 emissions forces the use of biomass as a fuel in conventional energy conversion process implemented by combustion. Burning alone can be problematic because high potential for slugging and fouling on boiler heating surfaces. Therefore, co-firing with coal is used. This article presents results study blends barley, straw, hard from Polish Makoszowy mine. sintering ash bioma...

With the increases in costs of iron and copper ores, incongruity between significant imports these ores into China ongoing accumulation unused slag has greatly increased. Even so, there are few low-value methods for utilization slag. The present work demonstrates processing this material via reduction whilst smelting wear-resistant cast iron. This system is able to recover copper, iron, zinc, l...

Thermodynamic modeling of the molten salt systems is critical in design advanced nuclear power plants, materials recycling, and many other important clean energy applications. As one most capable computational thermodynamic approaches, CALPHAD (Calculation Phase Diagrams) method has been widely used for multicomponent database development further support more physics-based modeling. Although co...