Exudative fluids were collected from packages of five brands of all-beef wieners and inoculated to contain 10(4) to 10(5) CFU of a three-strain (Scott A, V7, and 101M) mixture of Listeria monocytogenes per ml. Listeriae were inactivated (decrease of 0.61 to 3.8 log10 CFU/ml) in all five exudates held at 4 degrees C for 29 days. L. monocytogenes grew (increase of 1.7 to 3.6 log10 CFU/ml) in two ...

1. When peritoneal exudates are produced in the rabbit by the injection of a large volume of isotonic saline, nearly all the cells in the exudate are polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and the number contained in a single exudate may exceed the entire number originally present in the circulation. 2. The migration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes from the blood stream into the exudate is followed by a...

We hypothesized that plant exudates could either gel or disperse soil depending on their chemical characteristics. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Optic) and maize (Zea mays L. cv. Freya) root exudates were collected using an aerated hydroponic method and compared with chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seed exudate, a commonly used root exudate analogue. Sandy loam soil was passed through a 500-μm mesh...

We considered the relationship among exudate, wound area, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and reepithelialization during wound healing. Full-thickness wounds were made on the dorsum of mice. The weight of exudate absorbed into the dressing as well as the wound area was determined daily. Sections of the wounds were stained with anti-LYVE-1 and CD31 antibodies. Indian ink was injected into the w...

Self-incompatibility in Lilium longiflorum cv. Hinomoto diminishes with aging of the flower. The relation between the diminished self-incompatibility of the aged flower and stylar canal exudate in Lilium longiflorum was studied. Carbohydrate content in stylar canal exudate increased with aging of the flower, indicating that it accumulated with time. During the aging process, the molecular weigh...

Comparisons were made between the free amino acid composition in leaf exudates and that in pure phloem sap, using twin samples taken from a single leaf of two oat (Avena sativa L.) and three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. Leaf exudate was collected in a 5 mm EDTA-solution (pH 7.0) from cut leaf blades and phloem sap was obtained through excised aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) stylets. Flu...

Many plants of the genus Acacia exude viscous gummy liquids through cuts in their bark. These exudates form clear or translucent masses when exposed to air and function to seal off the injured part of the plant thereby preventing moisture loss and entrance of plant pests or pathogens. Man has capitalized on several unique physical and rheological properties of acacia tree exudates. Gum arabica,...

Although "dry-type" stigmas are widely regarded as ancestral in angiosperms, the early-divergent family Annonaceae has copious stigmatic exudate. We evaluate three putative functions for this exudate: as a nutritive reward for pollinators; as a pollen germination medium; and as an extragynoecial compitum that enables pollen tube growth between carpels. Stigmatic exudate is fructose dominated (7...

The distinction between exudates and transudates is very important in the patient management. Here we evaluate whether the acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA), in comparison with C reactive protein (CRP) and total protein (TP), can be useful in this discrimination. CRP, SAA, and TP were determined in 36 exudate samples (27 pleural and 9 ascitic) and in 12 transudates (9 pleural and 3 asci...

The roles of prostaglandins (PGs) as mediators of inflammation have been extensively studied, and production of PGI2 and PGE2 at inflammatory sites has been reported. However, it has not yet been clarified which type of PG receptors has a major role in inflammatory exudation. To examine in vivo role of PG receptors in inflammatory exudation, we induced pleurisy in PG receptors (IP, EP1, EP2, EP...