The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect using a higher rotation speed with XP-endo Shaper (XPS) on apically extruded debris and operation time during endodontic treatment retreatment procedures. Sixty mesial roots mandibular first molar teeth were randomly assigned four groups (Initial groups: XPS used at 1000 or 3000rpm speeds Retreatment speeds). During initial procedures preweighed ...

The rate of photocatalytic oxidation polystyrene over 0.1 wt% copper-doped TiO2 catalyst spin coated onto a flat substrate is investigated as function the deposition speed and, hence, film thickness. Photoinduced force microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy show no evidence any products remaining on surface after reaction. reaction shows discernible dependence speed; it close to zero order i...

Alkaline-heat-treated titanium self-forms an apatite surface layer in vivo. The aim of the present study was to materialistically characterize the surface of alkaline-heat-treated titanium immersed in simulated body fluid (AHS-TI) and to examine the differentiation behavior of osteoblasts on AHS-TI. SEM, thin-film XRD, FTIR, and XPS analyses revealed that AHS-TI contained a 1.0- micro m-thick, ...

A variety of mathematical models are available to estimate the thermal performance buildings. Nevertheless, predict buildings that might differ from actual performance. The hot box is a widely-used test apparatus assess various building envelope components (walls, roofs, windows) in laboratory. This paper presents process designing, constructing, and calibrating unique small-scale apparatus. De...

This paper describes an experimental implementation of an FF-TLOM cutting device. The FF-TLOM technology is being developed for the use in an early stage of the design process for large objects. It combines the advantages of layer oriented prototyping technologies, like a high form freedom and ease of process planning, with the advantages of decremental technologies like low material cost and h...