The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological basis for sex-differences in exercise-induced dyspnea in patients with mild COPD. We compared operating lung volumes, breathing pattern and dyspnea during incremental cycling in 32 men (FEV(1)=86±10% predicted) and women (FEV(1)=86±12% predicted) with mild COPD and 32 age-matched controls. There were no sex differences in dyspnea in th...

A 21-year-old boy presented with high grade fever, diffuse chest pain and exertional breathlessness of one month duration. Radiologically he had a large lobulated anterior mediastinal mass with necrotic thick enhancing septaes. Histopathology of the mass was suggestive of thymoma and culture from the necrotic aspirate yielded Salmonella typhi. The same pathogen was isolated in subsequent blood ...

Pulmonary and cardiocirculatoiy function were studied in 21 ambulatory patients with rheumatic heart disease. A pattern of pulmonary function was observed which deviated from normal to a degree insufficient to account for the exertional dyspnea of these patients. The pathogenesis of this symptom is, therefore, discussed in relation to the observed cardiocirculatory abnormalities which were ofte...

INTRODUCTION Each year, the US Antarctic Program rapidly transports scientists and support personnel from sea level (SL) to the South Pole (SP, 2835 m) providing a unique natural laboratory to quantify the incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS), patterns of altitude related symptoms and the field effectiveness of acetazolamide in a highly controlled setting. We hypothesized that the combina...

A 28-year-old female patient, housewife, presented to our outpatient department with a history of gradually increasing thickening and tightness of skin mainly over the extremities and face of three months duration. The patient had her first delivery five months earlier. There was no history of any significant co-morbidities or associated symptoms. Patient did not give a history of dysphagia, ex...

BACKGROUND The estimation of left ventricular (LV) filling pressure from the ratio of transmitral and annular velocities (E/e') after exercise echocardiography may identify diastolic dysfunction in patients who complain of exertional dyspnea. This study sought to determine the relative contributions of exercise E/e' and ischemia to outcomes in patients referred for exercise echocardiography. ...

Rheumatic involvement of all four heart valves is rare. A 35 year old woman presented with gradually progressive exertional dyspnoea for the preceding 10 years. On evaluation she was in atrial fibrillation with congestive heart failure. Clinical examination found evidence of stenosis of the mitral aortic and tricuspid valves with a history of rheumatic fever in childhood. Transthoracic echocard...

We mimicked important mechanical and ventilatory aspects of restrictive lung disorders by employing chest wall strapping (CWS) and dead space loading (DS) in normal subjects to gain mechanistic insights into dyspnea causation and exercise limitation. We hypothesized that thoracic restriction with increased ventilatory stimulation would evoke exertional dyspnea that was similar in nature to that...

BACKGROUND Exertional heat-related injuries are a risk to all physically active individuals in warm or hot environments. Unlike classic heat-related injury, exertional heat-related injuries do not require extreme ambient temperatures to cause injury. Still, exertional heat-related injuries, including heat cramps, heat syncope, heat exhaustion, heat stress, and heat stroke, can result in injurie...