Centralized Excited States The decrease in the laser threshold of blue-emissive carbon dots (B-CDs) is attributed to increase radiation transition rate and centralized sp3-related excited state levels, which are favorable for light amplification population inversion. More details can be found article number 2207983 by Siyu Lu co-workers.

today, dc motors is still being used globally due to their easy speed controllability. in this article, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (anfis) controller is designed for dc motors. the main purpose of performing such task is to reduce the dc motor starting current and deleting the ripple current during starting time in considering control parameters such as: rise time, settling time, ...