The Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW) is a brain region that has recently been implicated as an important novel neural target for ethanol. Thus, the EW is the only brain region consistently showing elevated c-Fos expression following both voluntary and involuntary ethanol administration. Ethanol-induced c-Fos expression in the EW has been shown to occur in urocortin I-positive neurons. Moreover, pr...

AIMS We have found consistent and significant sex differences in recovery from the increased seizure susceptibility observed during ethanol withdrawal (EW) in our rat model system. The main objective of the present study was to determine if sex differences in EW generalized to an additional behavioral measure startle reactivity. METHODS Acoustic startle or seizure threshold responses were mea...

The Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW) in birds is responsible for the control of pupil constriction, accommodation, and choroidal blood flow. The activation of EW neurons is mediated by the neurotransmitter glutamate, in large part through AMPA-type glutamate receptors (GluRs), whose behavior varies according to the subunit composition. We investigated the developmental expression of the GluR subun...

We studied the effect of various amino acid mixtures on nasal allergy induced by the intranasal application of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in mice. In Experiment 1 (Exp. 1), mice were fed a 25% casein, soy protein isolate (SPI), egg white protein (EW) or gluten diet. In Experiment 2 (Exp. 2), mice were fed a 25% amino acid mixture diets patterned after casein (AA-casein), SPI (AA-SPI), EW protei...

A A A A A Auc uc uc uc uc uc uckl kl kl kl k k k an an an an an an and, d, d d d d d N N N N N N New ew ew ew ew ew ew ences es es es es es es Un Un Un Un Un Un Univ iv iv iv iv iv iver er er er er er ersi s s s s t y gy y t ssoc ate o esso o ys o ogy y gy y New Zealand ABSTRACT Background: The anisotropy of cardiac tissue is a key determinant of 3D electrical propagation

The objectives of this study were to compare innate immune responses of calves weaned early (EW; n=23; weaned at 23.7 ± 2.3 d of age) with those of conventionally weaned calves (CW; n=22; weaned at 44.7 ± 2.3 d of age). All calves were fed 3.8L of colostrum within 12h of birth and were subsequently fed milk replacer twice daily. The weaning process began by withdrawal of the afternoon milk-repl...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The mechanism inducing either inflammation or tolerance to orally administered food allergens remains unclear. To investigate this we analyzed mouse models of food allergy (OVA23-3) and tolerance (DO11.10 [D10]), both of which express ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T-cell receptors. METHODS OVA23-3, recombination activating gene (RAG)-2-deficient OVA23-3 (R23-3), D10, and R...

the present research was conducted to analyze the genetic structure of egg quality traits in japanese quail. external and internal egg quality traits were assessed on 1706 eggs of laying japanese quail. eggs were collected for 4 days at the quaits 10 weeks of age. the investigated traits were analyzed through univariate as well as multivariate animal models employing restricted maximum likeliho...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of expressive writing (EW) interventions in patients with cancer.
. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases searched included both international and Korean databases through January 2015.
. DATA SYNTHESIS Of the 20 trials that met the eligibility criteria of this review, a meta-analysis was conducted of 14 articles involving 13 randomized and 1 nonrandom...