We examined gene expression patterns in certain single and double pair-rule mutant embryos to determine which of the largely repressive pair-rule gene interactions are most likely to be direct and which interactions are probably indirect. From these studies we conclude that: (i) hairy+ and even-skipped (eve+) regulate the fushi tarazu (ftz) gene; (ii) eve+ and runt+ regulate the hairy gene; (ii...

The pair-rule segmentation gene even skipped (eve) is required to activate engrailed stripes and to organize odd-numbered parasegments (PSs). The protein product Eve has been shown to be an active repressor of transcription, and recent models for Eve function suggest that activation of engrailed is indirect, but these models have not been fully tested. Here we identify the forkhead domain trans...

A key step in Drosophila segmentation is the establishment of periodic patterns of pair-rule gene expression in response to gap gene products. From an examination of the distribution of gap and pair-rule proteins in various mutants, we conclude that the on/off periodicity of pair-rule stripes depends on both the exact concentrations and combinations of gap proteins expressed in different embryo...

We show that the problem of existence of a mitochondrial Eve can be understood as an application of the Galton–Watson process and presents interesting analogies with critical phenomena in Statistical Mechanics. In the approximation of small survival probability, and assuming limited progeny, we are able to find for a genealogic tree the maximum and minimum survival probabilities over all probab...

Insulator sequences help to organize the genome into discrete functional regions by preventing inappropriate cross-regulation. This is thought to be mediated in part through associations with other insulators located elsewhere in the genome. Enhancers that normally drive Drosophila even skipped (eve) expression are located closer to the TER94 transcription start site than to that of eve. We dis...

Client emulation tools play a central role in the performance evaluation, capacity planning, and workload characterization of servers. However, traditional emulation tools, because of their limited scalability and extensibility, fail to keep up with servers as they increase in complexity and performance. In this paper, we propose Eve, a scalable client emulation tool that is capable of stress-t...

esearchers have proposed that complex embryonic patterns are generated by multiple enhancers that respond differentially to gradients of repressor proteins. In a recent report, Dorothy Clyde, Dmitri Papatsenko, Stephen Small, and colleagues (New York University, New York, NY) combine genetics and bioinformatics to demonstrate that this model may be essentially correct. The pattern of the fly em...

SCOOP (Simple Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming) is a simple but very powerful O-O contract based framework for concurrent programming. The idea which was initially published in 1990 has since been developed to a comprehensive model with enriched type system, generalized semantics of contracts, flexible locking policy and library implementation. To use SCOOP one important step is missing: ...

GAs, which are powerful stochastic optimization techniques are perhaps the most widely known types of evolutionary algorithms. In this paper the Adam-Eve (Like) GA has been considered and its performance has been studied. The basic idea of GAs has been taken from nature; therefore it is reasonable if we expect an improvement in our model of GA, because it is much closer to the evolution of orga...

This paper presents Eve, a new ExecuteVerify architecture that allows state machine replication to scale to multi-core servers. Eve departs from the traditional agree-execute architecture of state machine replication: replicas first concurrently and nondeterministically execute requests; then they verify, agree, and converge on the state and the outputs produced by a correct replica. Eve minimi...