The volume of red blood cells (V(RBC)) is used routinely in the diagnostic workup of polycythemia, in assessing the efficacy of erythropoietin administration, and to study factors affecting oxygen transport. However, errors of various methods of measurement of V(RBC) and related parameters are not well characterized. We meta-analyzed 346 estimates of error of measurement of V(RBC) for technique...

Interaction of diagnostic ultrasound with gas bodies produces a useful contrast effect in medical images, but the same interaction also represents a mechanism for bioeffects. Anesthetized hairless mice were scanned by using a 2.5-MHz transducer (610-ns pulses with 3.6-kHz repetition frequency and 61-Hz frame rate) after injection of Optison and Evans blue dye. Petechial hemorrhages (PHs) in int...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to evaluate the potential for myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) to provoke microscale bioeffects in a canine model. BACKGROUND Myocardial contrast echocardiography induces bioeffects in rat hearts, but translation of such results to larger animal models is uncertain. METHODS Dogs were anesthetized and prepared for open- (n = 22) or closed- (n...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hyperglycemia is linked to a worse outcome after ischemic stroke. Among the manifestations of brain damage caused by ischemia are blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and edema formation. Oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activation are implicated in BBB dysfunction after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Our present study was designed to clarify the rela...

The effects of four antineoplastic drugs on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to Evans blue-albumin and to horseradish peroxidase were studied in cats. Extravasation of tracer in brain tissue was observed only rarely following the injection of methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, or vincristine. However, 5-fluorouracil (15 mg/kg) caused localized Evans blue-albumin exudation in various gra...

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, comprising approximately 75-80% of all lung cancers. Gemcitabine is an approved chemotherapy drug for NSCLC. The objective of this study was to develop a novel strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of Gemcitabine for NSCLC by the co-administered iRGD peptide. We showed that the rates of positive expression of αvβ3...

Materials and Methods. Wistar rats weighing 434 to 478 g were anesthetizedith ketamine (87 mg/kg) and xylazine (13 mg/kg) injected intramuscularly. PE-10 polyethylene catheters were inserted into the femoral artery and vein. The arterial catheter was connected to a blood pressure transducer and systemic arterial blood pressure was continuously imonitored. Buffered evans blue (0.75 ml) was injec...

UNLABELLED Location of the sentinel lymph node in malignant melanoma and early breast cancer patients requires separate injections of radiocolloid and blue dye. These agents are administered at alternative times because of their different rates of transit. This study has elucidated why particular dyes are absorbed by the lymphatic system from an investigation of dye molecular structure as a fun...

Aluminum and zinc are two important trace elements in an organism. Although several studies have demonstrated their impacts on the intelligence, very little was known about their effects on the integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB). To study the effects of aluminum and zinc on the permeability of BBB, different doses of aluminum and appropriate zinc were administered to rats. Evans blue was de...

Green-plant thylakoids increase satiety by affecting appetite hormones such as ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The objective of this study was to investigate if thylakoids also affect gastrointestinal (GI) passage and microbial composition. To analyse the effects on GI passage, 16 rats were gavage-fed a control or thylakoid-supplemented high-fat diet (HFD) 30...