The present-day tectonic setting of the Western Mediterranean region, from Pyrénées to Betics and Alps Atlas, results a complex 3-D geodynamic evolution involving interactions between Africa, Eurasia Iberia plates asthenospheric mantle dynamics underneath. In this paper, we review main events recorded in region since Early Cretaceous discuss respective effects far-field near-field contributions...

Summary We estimate India-Somalia plate motion at 45 times since 60 Ma from ?9,000 crossings of Carlsberg and northern Central Indian Ridge magnetic reversals C1 to C26 numerous fracture zone crossings. The new rotations reveal least seven significant spreading rate changes ?60 Ma, some previously unknown. largest occurred before 46 when the forces acting on India evolved rapidly due transition...

The concept of plate tectonics is generally accepted in earth science and seismology. The surface of the earth is divided into rigid tectonic plates that move on the earth surface at extremely slow speed. The islands of Japan sit on the North American and Eurasian plates. The Pacific plate moves westward and the Philippines plate moves to northwest direction; both plates sink under the islands ...

The Arabian plate has been converging with Eurasia for 20-30 Ma, currently at 2-3 cm/year. Convergence is manifested differently along strike, with collision and tectonic escape in the west (Anatolia) and subduction of Arabia beneath Eurasia in the east (Iran). The reason for these differences may reflect the greater density of the Arabian lithosphere in the east relative to that in the west. F...

This work investigates transient heat conduction in a functionally graded plate (FGM plate) subjected to gradual cooling/heating at its boundaries. The thermal properties of the FGM are assumed to be continuous and piecewise differentiable functions of the coordinate in the plate thickness direction. A linear ramp function describes the cooling/heating rates at the plate boundaries. A multi-lay...