In Beijing, some crop field is similar to urbanized area in spectral space of ETM+ image, and this is an obstacle to extract urbanized area of Beijing from ETM+ image. Furthermore, classical texture such as variance can not improve the seperability of such two landcovers. This article proposed a skewness based framework to extract the profile of urbanized area, while skewness was seldom applied...

An insu ciency of training data often results in a poorly learned classi er. To mitigate this problem, several learning methods using both labeled and unlabeled data have been proposed. In these methods, however, only static data are considered; time series unlabeled data cannot be utilized. In this paper, we rst present an extension of HMMs, named Extended Tied-Mixture HMMs (ETM-HMMs) in which...

The Statewide Landcover and Trees Study (SLATS) is currently in the process of mapping woody change across the State of Queensland for the era 1999 to 2001. SLATS covers such a large area that Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery was chosen as the most effective data for this purpose. Since 1995 the woody change in Queensland has been mapped every two years. The 1999 to 2001 change era is the f...

Coal fires cause severe environmental and economic problems worldwide. In the current paper we analyse the potential of the experimental bi-spectral infrared detection (BIRD) small satellite to register coal fire related spectral radiances and we present BIRD data acquired over two coal fire areas in Northern China. Based on field observations of coal fires in the investigated areas, we visuall...

Merging of different data sets is often used in digital image processing to improve the visual and analytical quality of the data. The analyst may need to merge different types of data. In this process, different data such as satellite imagery from the same sensor but with different resolution, satellite imagery from different sensors with varying resolution, digitized aerial photography and sa...

Forest environment classification in mountain regions based on single-sensor remote sensing approaches is hindered by forest complexity and topographic effects. Temperate broadleaf forests in western Asia such as the Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran have already suffered from intense anthropogenic activities. In those regions, forests mainly extend in rough terrain and comprise different stand...

A Transaction Specification and Management Environment (TSME) is a programmable system that supports: (i) implementation-independent specification of application-specific extended transaction models (ETMs), and (ii) configuration of transaction management mechanisms (TMMs) to enforce specified ETMs. The TSME can ensure correctness and reliability while allowing the functionality required by wor...