A fragment of the Salmonella typhimurium ethanolamine utilization operon was cloned and characterized. The 6.3-kb nucleotide sequence encoded six complete open reading frames, termed cchA, cchB, eutE, eutJ, eutG, and eutH. In addition, the nucleotide sequences of two incomplete open reading frames, termed eutX and eutI, were also determined. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences and en...

Myelin phospholipids have been examined by a separation-reaction-separation procedure for two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on silica gel. After separation in one dimension, alk-1-enyl groups are cleaved by exposure of the plates to HCl fumes. Development in the second dimension quantitatively separates acid-labile and acid-stable phosphoglycerides as well as the aldehydes released from...

Three mutants of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae which require exogenous ethanolamine or choline were isolated. The mutants map to a single locus (cho1) on chromosome V. The lipid composition suggests that cho1 mutants do not synthesize phosphatidylserine under any growth conditions. If phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine, which are usually derived from phosphatidylserine, were s...

Radioactive glycerol, ethanolamine, or choline injected into the vicinity of the cell bodies of rat sciatic nerve sensory fibers is incorporated into phospholipid. Some newly synthesized ethanolamine and choline phosphoglycerides are subsequently committed to transport down the sciatic nerve axons at a rate of several hundred millimeters per day. Most labeled choline phosphoglycerides move unif...

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells were pulse labeled with [3H]serine, and the synthesis of phosphatidyl[3H]ethanolamine from phosphatidyl[3H]serine during the subsequent chase was used as a measure of lipid translocation to the mitochondria. When the CHO-K1 cells were pulse labeled and subsequently permeabilized with 50 micrograms of saponin per ml, there was no significant turnover of nasce...

Lombricine (2-guanidinoethyl 2-amino-2-carboxyethyl hydrogen phosphate, I) was first isolated from earthworms (Lumbrics terrestris) by Van Thoai & Robin (1954), who held the view that Nphosphoryl-lombricine was the phosphagen of that species. Subsequently it was suggested that the biological precursor of lombricine was serine ethanolamine phosphodiester (2-aminoethyl 2amino-2-carboxyethyl hydro...

Ethanolamine is important for synthesis of choline, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) in plants. The latter two phospholipids are the major phospholipids in eukaryotic membranes. In plants, ethanolamine is mainly synthesized directly from serine by serine decarboxylase. Serine decarboxylase is unique to plants and was previously shown to have highly specific activity to...

Abrtract The ethanolamine-containing glycerophospholipids, choline-containing glycerophospholipids, and phosphatidylinmitol fractions are major sources of arachidonic acid in murine mastocytoma P-815 cloned cells. The choline-linked fraction contained high arachidonic acid contents in 1-0-alkyl-2-acyl(18%) and 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ll%), with smaller amounts in l-O-alk-l'-enyl...

Both choline kinase and ethanolamine kinase are present in the cytosol of nerve endings prepared from rat brain are the products of their action, phosphocholine (84 nmol/g fresh wt. of brain) and phosphoethanolamine (190 nmol/g fresh wt. of brain). In contrast with the enzymes from the cytosol of whole brain, both are as equally active at pH 7.5 as 9.0. Determination of kinase activity in membr...