BACKGROUND Environmental issues and shortage of fossil fuels have turned the public interest to the utilization of renewable, environmentally friendly fuels, such as ethanol. In order to minimize the competition between fuels and food production, researchers are focusing their efforts to the utilization of wastes and by-products as raw materials for the production of ethanol. household food was...

Background With the discovery of interspecies hydrogen transfer in the late 1960s (Bryant et al. in Arch Microbiol 59:20-31, 1967), it was shown that reducing the partial pressure of hydrogen could cause mixed acid fermenting organisms to produce acetate at the expense of ethanol. Hydrogen and ethanol are both more reduced than glucose. Thus there is a tradeoff between production of these compo...

AIM The aim of the present study was to determine whether the endocannabinoid system could be involved in the ethanol-induced inhibition of salivation in adult male Wistar rats. METHODS Salivary secretion induced by different concentrations of methacholine, a cholinergic agonist, and the endocannabinoid arachidonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide, AEA) production in the submandibular gland (SMG) we...

background: blood alcohol concentration is a major factor in forensic analysis in criminal and civil litigation. along with ethanol, other volatile compounds such as n-propanol are produced as products of putrefaction. the aim of this study is the evaluation of ethanol and n-propanol in postmortem blood. methods: a case-control study was done on 300 blood samples obtained from cadavers that wer...

The effects of organic loading rates (OLRs) on fermentative productions of hydrogen and ethanol were investigated in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with attached sludge using molasses as substrate. The CSTR reactor with attached sludge was operated under different OLRs, ranging from 8 to 24 kg/m(3)·d. The H(2) and ethanol production rate essentially increased with increasing OLR. The ...

Since alcohol is a general central nervous system depressant, it affects the motor and cognitive performance. Alcohol abuse is a major cause of medical and social problems. Additionally, to determine cause of death in legal medicine centers, alcohol analysis is the most frequently performed test in forensic toxicology laboratories. Accurate interpretation of ethanol concentration at the time...

aloe buettneri a. berger is commonly used in traditional togolese medicine to treat inflammatory and gastric ulcers. the present study examined the gastro-protection effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of a. buettneri on mucus production and gastric ph. a gastric ulcer is induced by ethanol 95° alone (1 ml/kg body weight), after pre-treatment with indomethacin (300 mg/kg) or by utilising l-na...