PURPOSE Previous studies of accommodative esotropia have been hampered by bias-prone methods of data collection and analysis and by small sample size. The studies have conflicting conclusions, causing uncertain results. This study aims to determine long-term results of standard treatment of accommodative esotropia and identify predictors of outcome, while minimizing bias in data collection and ...

PURPOSE To study the long-term visual outcome of primary microtropia. METHODS A retrospective review was made on 31 patients with primary microtropia with the follow-up period of 5 years or more (5-15 years, mean=9.2 years) seen during 16 years from 1985 to 2000 at Okayama University Hospital. The patients were 16 boys and 15 girls, with the age at the initial visit ranging from 5 to 16 years...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of bilateral inferior oblique transposition (BIOT) on horizontal deviation from primary position among patients with bilateral dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) associated with inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) in infantile strabismus. METHODS Retrospective chart review was conducted among 19 patients with infantile strabismus. All patients had DVD and IOOA...

purpose : the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative botulinum toxin-a (bta) injection as an adjunct to the surgical treatment of large-angle esotropia or exotropia. methods : thirteen patients were included in this interventional case series study. mean age of the patients was 23.31±13.29 years (range: 5-43 years). of these 13 patients, 6 were exotropic and 7 were...

AIM To assess the consecutive recurrence following early success of intermittent exotropia surgery and to determine the clinical factors that affect the survival. METHODS One hundred and thirty-five patients who underwent intermittent exotropia surgery and experienced early surgical success [≤5 prism diopters (PD) esophoria (E) to ≤10 PD exophoria (X) on the postoperative sixth month] were en...

To cite: Liao B, Rodriguez RM, Metrus NR, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2015209392 DESCRIPTION A 62-year-old right-handed Caucasian man with hypertension, diabetes and alcoholic fatty liver presented with sudden onset double vision. Physical examination on admission was inward and downward deviation of the left eye, obvious on forward gaze...

The references are listed out of order. Please see the complete, correct References list here. 1. Chia A, Lin XY, Dirani M, Gazzard G, Ramamurthy D, Quah BL, et al. Risk factors for strabismus and amblyopia in young singapore chinese children. Ophthalmic Epidemiology. 2013; 20(3): 138–147. 2. Fu J, Li SM, Liu LR, Li JL, Li SY, Zhu BD, et al. Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in a populatio...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the primary surgery and reoperation outcomes of unilateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection (R&R) for intermittent exotropia. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 80 patients, all of whom had undergone unilateral R&R for intermittent exotropia as a primary surgery or reoperation and been followed-up on p...

Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) is a rare, distinct subtype of esotropia. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe the clinical characteristics and discuss the classification and etiology of AACE. Charts from 47 patients with AACE referred to our institute between October 2010 and November 2014 were reviewed. All participants underwent a complete medical history, opht...