This paper examines the interaction of G7 real exchange rates with real output and interest rate differentials. Using cointegration methods, we generally find a link between the real exchange rate and the real interest differential. This finding contrasts with the majority of the extant research on the real exchange rate real interest rate link. We then identify a new measure of the equilibrium...

The smooth threshold autoregressive (STAR) model is by far the most successful model in explaining the well-known two PPP puzzles. The nonlinearity in STAR captures the nature of vast transaction costs in trade, sunk costs in (foreign) investment, and hetergeneity in agents. In this paper, we use a variant of STAR, the Exponential STAR (ESTAR), to study the exchange rate dynamics in China durin...

The kinetic mechanism of the sheep brain glutamine synthetase has been examined by both initial rate kinetics using the glutamate analog beta-glutamate and by isotope exchange measurements at equilibrium. Results of the initial rate studies were compatible with a number of sequential mechanisms but not with a partially or fully ordered rapid equilibrium or a ping-pong mechanism. Kinetic paramet...

We propose an alternative approach to obtaining a permanent equilibrium exchange rate (PEER), based on an unobserved components (UC) model. This approach offers a number of advantages over the conventional cointegration-based PEER. Firstly, we do not rely on the prerequisite that cointegration has to be found between the real exchange rate and macroeconomic fundamentals to obtain non-spurious l...